Published March 18, 2024 | Version v1
Dataset Open

The local extinction of Cedrus atlantica in the Iberian Peninsula could have been completed due to biological interaction

Creators

  • 1. ROR icon University of Granada
  • 2. ROR icon University of Córdoba

Description

This data set is used to explore the possibility that Cedrus atlantica (Endl.) Carrière and Pinus nigra Arnold could have interacted in the past, mutually excluding each other in the areas with suitable conditions for both species and, where, ultimately, the one that was most competitive would remain. The species show very well differenciated niches and a distribution of their habitats segregated by continents (P. nigra in Europe and C. atlantica in Africa), which responds to differences in climatic affinities. However, the contact of their distributions in bordering areas suggests that C. atlantica maintained its presence in the Iberian Peninsula until recent times, and that P. nigra could have displaced it due to its higher prevalence on the continent.

Methods

Species

Cedrus atlantica observations made directly in the field, in Morocco, have been used; and by recognition of the species by photo interpretation, in Algeria (n = 211).

Pinus nigra subsp. salzmannii (Dunal) Franco, the subspecies contemplated in this study, is limited to the Western Mediterranean. For the analysis of this work, 250 localities were randomly selected, at the working resolution (30 arc seconds), from the database of the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF, 2022). Redundant observations at working resolution were eliminated (n = 231).

Variables

Niche predictors were selected from the WorldClim 1.4 portal (1960-1990 series for the present). Four climatic variables were the ones that best fit the distribution models of C. atlantica prepared with MaxEnt:

  • Minimum temperature of the coldest month (bio6; °C);
  • Temperature annual range (bio7; °C);
  • Mean temperature of the wettest quarter (bio8, °C);
  • Precipitation of the driest month (bio14, mm).

Notes

The file BiologicalInteractionOccurrences.csv contains the species occurrence records with the following fields:

  • CD: Code that designates the point with a species occurrence.
  • LON: Longitude expressed in decimal degrees (Datum WGS84).
  • LAT: Latitude expressed in decimal degrees (Datum WGS84).
  • SP: Species (PNI, Pinus nigra subsp. salzmannii; CAT, Cedrus atlantica).
  • TCOL:  Value of the minimum temperature of the coldest month in the record point (°C).
  • TRAN: Value of the temperature annual range in the record point (°C).
  • TWET: Value of the mean temperature of the wettest quarter in the record point (°C).
  • PDRM: Value of the precipitation of the driest month in the record point (mm).

Files pre_bio06, pre_bio07, pre_bio08 and pre_bio14 are ascii raster files for the climatic predictor variables used in the analyses (see 'variables' in Methods).

Files

BiologicalInteractionOccurrences.csv

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Additional details

Related works

Is supplement to
Journal article: 10.3390/d14020136 (DOI)

Funding

Refugios Interglaciares en Áreas Montañosas del Mediterráneo Occidental. Implicaciones para la Conservación de los Bosques Montanos de Coníferas (Med-Refugia) RTI2018-101714-B-I00
Agencia Estatal de Investigación
Long-term Drivers of Adaptive Capacity in Mediterranean Conifers under Global Change: Interglacial Mountain Refugia Matter (OroMed-Refugia) P18-RT-4963
Regional Government of Andalusia
Sostenibilidad y Conservación de los Servicios Ecosistémicos en Bosques Mediterráneos de Abies pinsapo: Una Perspectiva Paleoecológica B-RNM-404-UGR18
Regional Government of Andalusia

References