Data for: Key bacterial groups maintain stream multifunctionality in response to episodic drying

Microbial biodiversity is fundamental to maintain ecosystem functioning in seasonally variable ecosystems. However, it remains unclear how alterations in water availability caused by seasonal drying compromise the ability of stream microbes to maintain multiple functions simultaneously (i.e., multifunctionality). Using data from 32 streams, we investigated how the phenology of seasonal drying influences stream microbial biodiversity and their capacity to sustain multifunctionality. Our results showed that stream multifunctionality and most bacteria did not respond to changes in drying phenology. Only two bacterial groups, the drying-resistant Sphingobacteriia and the drying-sensitive Acidobacteria_Gp7, exhibited positive associations with multifunctionality, whereas bacterial diversity showed a negative correlation with functions. Among these biodiversity aspects, Sphingobacteriia showed the strongest capacity to maintain multifunctionality at low and moderate performance levels. Our findings will help to better understand the mechanisms through which biodiversity sustains the functioning of seasonally variable streams and their responses to global change.