A REVIEW ON RECENT ADVANCES IN OCULAR DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

Pharmaceutical researchers find that the ocular drug delivery system (ODDS) is one of the most difficult topics to discuss. The ability to sustain a therapeutic dose of drug at the site of action is the key obstacle to long-term ocular pharmaceutical use. Ailments interfere with the ability to focus for the duration of this eye care. The barriers that shield the eyes make this ocular drug delivery device difficult to use. The main obstacle to be addressed is the active drug substance's bioavailability. Because topical administration has a faster beginning of effect than systemic use, it is excellent for ocular therapies because a lesser dose is needed. This trans-corneal penetration, which occurs when topical absorption reaches the interior regions of the eye, is thought to be the primary drug application method. The more slower method of removal is called ocular absorption. To treat ocular diseases, this traditional ocular dose form—including eye drops—is no longer enough. Conventional drug therapy is a crucial component of ocular pharmacokinetics and investigates a range of techniques to increase the drug's ocular bioavailability, including eye ointment, gels, prodrugs, penetration enhancers, liposomes, niosomes, ocular inserts, implants, intravitreal injection, nanoparticles, nanosuspension, microemulsion, iontophoresis, and periocular injection. They supply the medication to the anterior and posterior chambers in a continual and regulated manner.

KEYWORDS: Ocular drug delivery system (ODDS), soluble ophthalmic drug delivery insert (SODI), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) corneal drug delivery, controlled and sustained drug delivery, anterior and posterior segment delivery challenges.