Approach to the indicators of the nursing labor market in 6 Latin American countries

Abstract: Objective: This study aims to describe a set of indicators related to the nursing labor market in six Latin American countries in order to identify common patterns and unique aspects among them. Methods: A quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021. The study population consisted of nursing personnel from six Latin American countries selected through non-probability convenience sampling. Data were collected using an electronic questionnaire. A total of 797 completed surveys were included in the analysis, after informed consent of the participants. Data were analyzed with EpiInfo 7.1 and R Software. Results: 88% of respondents were female and 41% had a postgraduate degree. Of the total number of participants with active employment (691), 25% did not have a formal contract. The public sector accounts for 70% of the nursing staff. Salaries vary significantly, ranging from the lowest of 489 USD in Argentina to the highest of 1,745.2 USD in Chile. In relation to working hours, 69% work between 36 and 48 hours per week, while 25% work less than 36 hours and 5% more than 48 hours. Conclusions: These results highlight the features of precariousness that affect Latin American nurses. The increase in levels of professional training is not matched by improvements in working conditions. The disparity in salaries and the contractual informality evidenced urge the need for policies that ensure equitable working conditions adjusted to the demands of health care in the region.

Keywords: Labor Market Indicators, Labor Precariousness, Nursing, Latin America.