LANGUAGE SYMBOLS IN ENGLISH AND GERMAN AXIOLOGICAL PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS

Abstract

The linguistic picture of the world is most clearly reflected in phraseology, which is a treasury of human experience reproduced in linguistic components-symbols. Phraseology opens up opportunities for understanding the interaction of symbol and metaphor, symbolic and metaphorical meanings, and the internal form of phraseological units. Currently, due to the intensification of cultural contacts, the linguistic pictures of the world are being mixed, which leads to the mutual enrichment of the phraseology of languages.

The article reveals the concept of “language symbol” and its rethinking in the axiological phraseology of the English and German languages, and compares the meanings of phraseological units with symbolic components.

The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the ontological, universal feature of language is its anthropocentricity, which manifests itself in particular in phraseological units that reflect the physical or mental world of a person, demonstrating the anthropocentric orientation of axiological phraseological symbolism.

The purpose of the work is to determine the types of reflection of linguistic symbols in English and German axiological phraseological units based on their analysis.

The article emphasizes that the cultural significance of a phraseological unit increases if there is a symbolic component in its structure, since the symbol is more often interpreted in cultural terms. The uniqueness of the English and German languages, manifested in vocabulary and phraseology, in grammatical phenomena, entails the absence of an identical way of naming concepts in these languages.

As a result of the study, based on the analysis of English and German axiological phraseological units, four types of reflection of linguistic symbols in phraseological units are identified: 1) The language symbol of a phraseological unit is preserved in another language; 2) The language symbol of the phraseological unit is replaced by another language symbol; 3) The language symbol of a phraseological unit is completely lost in another language; an idiom is proposed with a different image, but with the same sense and axiological meaning; 4) The language symbol of the phraseological unit is completely lost; the transmission of the idiom is carried out in a descriptive way with the help of usual lexical units by revealing its generalized sense and axiological meaning.

Keywords: Linguistics, language symbol, English, German, axiological phraseological unit, value, anti-value