The Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on Dietary Food Supplement Usage Habits
Creators
- 1. Department of Medical Biochemistry, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Türkiye.
Description
Abstract
With COVID-19 pandemic, it is seen that people are in demand for dietary food supplements in order to protect themselves from this virus-related disease. In this study, we aimed to evaluate what extent the COVID-19 pandemic affects people's food supplement usage habits by controlling blood levels of vitamin D, vitamin B12 and zinc. In this retrospective study design, we examined patients test results collected from laboratory information system over a two-year period including one year before and after the date of first COVID-19 infection in Türkiye. There were 197,669 eligible test results for statistical evaluation. Mean vitamin D levels for preCOVID group spring, summer, autumn and winter were 22.3, 25.2, 25.4, and 21.9 ng/mL, respectively. As for the postCOVID group, identical values were 21.3, 22.7, 23.8, and 24.4 ng/mL. For vitamin D levels, there were statistically differences between subgroups (seasons) but no difference between main groups (p>0.05). Mean vitamin B12 levels were 262.6 pg/mL and 264.1 pg/mL (p>0.05), and mean zinc levels were 84.0 µg/dL and 91.1 µg/dL (p<0.001) for preCOVID and postCOVID groups, respectively. In recent years, as integrative medicine has become popular all over the world, interest in dietary food supplements has started to climb. The belief on such food supplements increase protection against viral diseases suggested that the increased usage of these products in the pandemic period. In this study, except zinc there was no statistically difference between pre and postCOVID periods in terms of serum levels. The results showed us the change of supplement usage behavior due to COVID-19 is suspicious.
Özet
COVID-19 salgınıyla birlikte insanların bu viral hastalıktan korunmak için diyet gıda takviyelerine talep gösterdiği görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, D vitamini, B12 vitamini ve çinko kan seviyelerini kontrol ederek, COVID-19 salgınının insanların gıda takviyesi kullanım alışkanlıklarını ne ölçüde etkilediğini değerlendirmeyi amaçladık. Bu retrospektif çalışma tasarımında, Türkiye'de ilk COVID-19 enfeksiyonunun görüldüğü tarihten bir yıl öncesini ve sonrasını kapsayan iki yıllık bir süre boyunca hastaların laboratuvar bilgi sisteminden toplanan test sonuçlarını inceledik. İstatistiksel değerlendirme için 197.669 uygun test sonucu vardı. COVID öncesi grup için ortalama D vitamini düzeyleri ilkbahar, yaz, sonbahar ve kış sırasıyla 22.3, 25.2, 25.4 ve 21.9 ng/mL idi. COVID sonrası grupta ise aynı değerler 21.3, 22.7, 23.8 ve 24.4 ng/mL idi. D vitamini düzeyleri için alt gruplar (mevsimler) arasında istatistiksel olarak fark vardı, ancak ana gruplar arasında fark yoktu (p>0,05). Ortalama B12 vitamini seviyeleri, COVID öncesi ve COVID sonrası gruplar için sırasıyla 262.6 pg/mL ve 264.1 pg/mL (p>0.05) ve ortalama çinko seviyeleri ise 84.0 µg/dL ve 91.1 µg/dL idi (p<0.001). Son yıllarda bütünleştirici tıbbın tüm dünyada popüler hale gelmesiyle birlikte diyet gıda takviyelerine olan ilgi de artmaya başladı. Bu tür gıda takviyelerinin viral hastalıklara karşı korumayı arttırdığına dair inanç, bu ürünlerin pandemi döneminde kullanımının arttığını düşündürmektedir. Bu çalışmada çinko dışında serum düzeyleri açısından COVID öncesi ve sonrası dönemler arasında istatistiksel olarak bir fark bulunmadı. Sonuçlar bize, COVID-19 nedeniyle besin takviyesi kullanım davranışındaki değişikliğin şüpheli olduğunu gösterdi.
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