ROLE OF PROTEIN IN SATIETY AND WEIGHT MANAGEMENT

Obesity is the leading modifiable risk factor in the development of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Globally, 66% of all deaths are caused by NCDs. The prevalence of overweight and obesity has increased rapidly in recent decades in both developed and developing countries. In India about 1 in every 5 kids is overweight. Many pathways are involved with obesity that lead to the development of various NCDs. Foods high in complex carbohydrates like whole grains and fibre, proteins, increase satiety leading to weight loss, decrease postprandial blood glucose rise, improve insulin sensitivity & improve blood lipid profile. Protein has a wide range of functions and benefits in the human body including muscle and immune and endocrine functions. A secondary effect of these functions is manifested as weight management and satiety. Plant proteins and millets are a good solution for satiety and weight management and for NCDs management in the longer run by people. They are sustainable sources of adequate nutrients being good for people and good for the planet. Leptin and ghrelin are two important hormones playing significant roles in satiety management where, the hypothalamus regulates the sensations of hunger and satiety, leading to energy homeostasis and body weight management.  Obesity decreases the quality and health length of life. In the context of the worldwide epidemic of obesity affecting populations of all ages, it is important to understand the mechanisms that control the human appetite, particularly those that allow the adjustment of energy intake to the energy needs.