Minimally Invasive Thoracoscopic Surgery of Lung Adenocarcinoma in Old Age People

Background: Lung cancer is the most frequent human malignancy and the principal cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Adenocarcinoma is now the main histologic type, accounting for almost half of all the cases. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in most developed countries. Over the last 50 years, the prevalence of adenocarcinoma has been increasing comparative to other lung cancer subtypes. Objective: To determine Minimally invasive thoracoscopic surgery of lung adenocarcinoma in old age. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Shifa International hospital Islamabad Pakistan, which was performed between April 2020 and January 2022. The total number of patients in our study was 152. The number of Male patients was 62 and female were 90. In 152 consecutive patients who underwent for CT guided biopsy, the needle was used 18 Guage. We diagnosed the Lung adenocarcinoma of all patients on CT scan. The age of all patients was more than 40 years. We took in our study stage (1A) of lung adenocarcinoma, which has further 3 subtypes 1A1,1A2 and 1A3. The size of Stage 1A1 up to 1 cm, Stage 1A2 >1 cm <2cm and stage 1A3 >2cm <3cm. We did for all patients Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. The surgeon makes one to five small incisions, each one an about 1 inch in between two ribs. Data was tabulated and analyzed by SPSS. Results: The stage of lung adenocarcinoma 1A1 in male patients were 17 and female were 31. The stage of lung adenocarcinoma 1A2 in male patients were 29 and female were 37. The stage of lung adenocarcinoma 1A3 in male patients were 16 and female were 22. Total male patients were 62 and females were 90. P-value of stages of lung adenocarcinoma in gender was 0.64. The stage of lung adenocarcinoma in the age group of 40-50 years 1A1 were 8, 1A2 were 7 and 1A3 were 2. The total patients with age 40-50 years were 17. The stage of lung adenocarcinoma in the age group of 51-65 years 1A1 were 34, 1A2 were 48 and 1A3 were 19. The total patients with age 51-65 years were 101. The stage of lung adenocarcinoma in the age group of >66 years 1A1 was 6, 1A2 was 11 and 1A3 was 17. The total patients with age >66 years was 34. P-value of stages of lung adenocarcinoma in age group was 0.003. The minimum patient recovery time was 3 weeks and the maximum patient recovery time was 5 weeks. The minimum age group of patient was 43 and the maximum age group of patients was 77. MEAN±SD of age was 59.67±7.85. Conclusion: Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) is a reliable and safe approach for the diagnosis and treatment of lung adenocarcinoma with a low complication rate. Minimally invasive techniques are even more advantageous among the elderly. The patient recovery time from 3 weeks to 5 weeks. The frequency of lung adenocarcinoma is more common in the upper lobe as compare to other lobes. In our study, the prognosis of VATS was better than Open Surgery because the patient's recovery time was less than the open surgery procedure.