OVERVIEW OF EARLY PREGNANCY LOSS

Introduction: It is typical to experience early pregnancy loss or the loss of an intrauterine pregnancy during the first trimester in clinical practice. A non-viable pregnancy up to 20 weeks of gestation is commonly called early pregnancy loss, sometimes known as miscarriage or spontaneous abortion. The most frequent type of pregnancy loss is early pregnancy loss, which happens in the first trimester (i.e., up to 12+6 weeks gestation). People who have experienced pregnancy loss are assessed to rule out any disease that needs immediate medical attention, and they are then given advice on the various therapy choices, including expectant, pharmaceutical, and surgical treatments. Obstetricians and gynecologists should be familiar with the use of various diagnostic techniques to distinguish between viable and unviable pregnancies and should be able to provide patients with the complete spectrum of therapeutic choices, including expectant, medicinal, and surgical management.

Aim of the study: The objective of the review is to identify miscarriage-related emergencies, outline typical history, physical, and laboratory evaluation, summarise available management options, and outline interprofessional team strategies for enhancing care coordination and patient communication.

Methodology: The present review is a comprehensive research of PUBMED since the year 1995 to 2022.

Conclusion: A pregnancy loss before 20 weeks gestation is referred to as Early loss of pregnancy. Early loss of pregnancy losses occur before 12 weeks of gestation as a result of chromosomal abnormalities. Smoking, being overweight, and having high blood pressure in the mother can all raise the risk of miscarriage. There is evidence that older mothers are more likely to miscarry, with rates for those over 40 reaching 74%. To ascertain whether a pregnancy is viable, transvaginal ultrasound evaluation is crucial. All three treatment methods (medical, surgical, or expectant management) have been shown to be equally safe and successful for women without co-morbid disorders.

Keywords: Early loss of pregnancy, ultrasound, emergency management