in-vitro culture of Orchids through Seeds and other plant parts- where we stand now?

Orchids are blessed with spell bounding beauties, shape, size, colour and these features make orchid flowers tremendously attractive.  Craze for these flowers is too high, people all over the world fantasize to have those in their flower vase and polyhouses. In nature orchid species are one of the most diverse flowering plant groups. Besides having astonishing beauty some of the orchids also possess therapeutic properties. They can be propagated through in-vitro culture of seeds and meristematic parts. Propagation through meristem parts is crucial for commercial purpose as only meristem culture can produce true to the type genotypic similarities in orchids. Tissue culture by means of seeds culture may derive progenies with heterogeneous genotypes and phenotypes as well as the plants take much longer time to flower as compared to the plants produced through meristem culture. Thus, propagation through meristem culture may be considered as the best way to produce best quality orchid planting materials as per the market demand. This review is a comprehensive synthesis of updated information pertains to orchid meristem culture aiming for quality produce which may be beneficial for all the stakeholders.