Elimination of Genetic Material in Polyploid Series of Genus Morus L.

In the present work are presented the results of researches of level of cellular DNA at plants of polyploid
series of mulberry. Plants are conditionally divided into three groups: lowploidy 2n-2x-28, 2n-3x-42,
2n 4x=56; middleploidy 2n-6x-84, 2n-7x-98, 2n-8x-112, 2n-9x-126 and highploidy 2n=12x-168,
2n=13x=182, 2n=14x=196, 2n=15x-210, 2n=17x-238, 2n-22x-308. Research of an average link polyploid
series has allowed to establish a threshold with which begins elimination of genetic material at
poliploidization at a mulberry. It is established that at hexaploid at triple increase in the set of chromosomes
DNA maintenance on a cage increases only in 2,4 times in comparison with a diploid. Studying of the
maintenance of cellular DNA in polyploid series of mulberry has shown multiple to a chromosomal com-
plement increase in level of cellular DNA at lowploidy and not multiple at middleploidy and highploidy.
Also the purpose of our researches was the revealing of dependence of quantity mitochondrial and
chloroplast DNA indicators from the size of nuclear genome in connection with poliploidization. Positive
correlation dependence between nuclear, chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA at lowploidy is established. At
highploidy increase of chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA indicators that testifies about discrete cooperation
and complementary systems of kernel and cytoplasm was noticed not multiple to a chromosomal
complement.