BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS IN PARKINSON'S DISEASE

Parkinson's disease (PD) is adifficult health problem. Aging may be the onecause of PDfor which the underlyingmolecular mechanism has notbeen clearly identified.Nevertheless, oxidative stressand mitochondrial damage,combined with adversegenetic and environmental factors, appear to be the major cause of death of dopaminergic neurons in thesubstantia nigra parscompacta.New knowledge On
pathogenesis. While there isan increasing influx of patients and the development of new diagnostic modalitiesfor PD, diagnosis still reliesprimarily on physicalexamination and clinicaldiagnostic criteria, with a highrate of misdiagnosis. isfurther complicated by variability in , objective and unbiasedmonitoring of diseaseprogression. PD is
often diagnosed at an advancedstage, and neuroprotective therapy is not possible when large numbers of dopaminergic neurons are lost. Given the difficulty of clinical diagnosis of Parkinson's disease, there is an urgent need to identify reliable diagnostic bio-Hermarkers. Intensively tested biomarker candidates includeα-synuclein, DJ-1, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, 8-hydroxyguanosine,glutathione S-transferase Piprotein for oxidative damage,and inflammatory biomarkers.