Effects of Endurance Exercise Intensities on Autonomic and Metabolic Controls in Children with Obesity: A Feasibility Study Employing Online Exercise Training
Creators
- 1. Pediatric Unit, Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- 2. Exercise Medicine Unit, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, 20135 Milan, Italy; DISCCO Department, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- 3. BIOMETRA Department, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, Italy
- 4. Laboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- 5. Pediatric Cardiology Unit, Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
- 6. Laboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- 7. Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- 8. Exercise Medicine Unit, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, 20135 Milan, Italy
- 9. Pediatric Unit, Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy
- 10. Exercise Medicine Unit, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, 20135 Milan, Italy; BIOMETRA Department, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, Italy
Description
Exercise is one of the major determinants of a healthy lifestyle, which is particularly
important in childhood and serves as a powerful preventive tool. On the other hand, obesity and
arterial hypertension rates are increasing in children, representing a huge risk for developing major
cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in adult life. Of fundamental importance is the modality and
volume of exercise required to obtain benefits. In this feasibility study, we considered a group of
obese children, studied before and after a 12-week online exercise training program, and subdivided
the participants into two groups considering the volume of exercise performed (above or below
1200 MET·min/week). This threshold level was applied in two different ways: subdivision A
considered the total weekly physical activity volume (considering both time spent walking for at
least 10 min consecutively and time spent performing structured exercise) and subdivision B
considered only the weekly volume of structured exercise. We assessed autonomic and metabolic
control and auxological and lifestyle parameters. We observed that the improved volume of
structured exercise was associated with reduced arterial pressure percentile only in subdivision B
and an improvement in markers of vagal and metabolic control was evident. Moreover, the 12-week
online exercise training program, defined considering individual fitness level and progressively
adapted as the goal was reached, proved to be sustainable from an economical and organizational
point of view.
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