An Updated Review (Phytochemistry, Antimicrobial Pharmacology) on Indigenous King of Bitter (Andrographis Paniculata)

Andrographis paniculata (King of Bitters), also known as Kalmegh, is a member of the Acanthaceae family. Andrographis paniculata is widely cultivated, and its relevance as a medicinal plant is expanding as evidence of its several therapeutic applications grows. Considering the plant's beneficial properties, it might be recommended as a safe and vital medicinal herb for mankind. This herb is rich in chemical components, including lactones, diterpenoids, diterpene glycosides, flavonoids, and flavonoid glycosides. It possesses numerous pharmacological effects, including antibacterial, hepatoprotective, anti-cancer, anticancer, hypoglycemic, immunomodulatory, and hypotensive action. The goal of this study is to conduct a literature review on Andrographis paniculata, specifically papers on therapeutic advantages, chemical features, and pharmacological evaluation. It is widely utilised as a home cure for numerous maladies in the Bangladeshi traditional system of medicine. Steroids, phenols, terpenoids, alkaloids, saponins, and flavonoids were the active chemicals found in Andrographis paniculata. The presence of active components, andrographolide and neoandrographolide, which are diterpenoids derivatives, contributes to the therapeutic potential of this plant.