Published July 31, 2023 | Version v1
Journal article Open

[Review of the post-COVID-19 syndrome associated to acute telogen effluvium]

  • 1. Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias Biomédicas, División de Investigación y Posgrado. Chihuahua, Chihuahua, México

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Resumen

La enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) ha impactado a nuestra sociedad en numerosos aspectos. Hasta el momento (noviembre 2022) se han confirmado alrededor de 640 millones de infecciones por SARS-CoV-2 en el mundo. Se sabe que esta enfermedad tiene afección principal a nivel cardiopulmonar, sin embargo, afecta casi todos los órganos y sistemas del cuerpo, entre ellos, la piel. El síndrome post-COVID-19 se presenta en algunos pacientes dejando secuelas significativas que impactan su calidad de vida. Entre las secuelas más comunes se encuentran: tos, disnea, fatiga crónica, hiposmia y disosmia. Además de estas se han presentado otras secuelas no relacionadas con el síndrome respiratorio, como la caída de pelo, que se ha observado en alrededor del 20% de los pacientes post-COVID-19, esto podría ser atribuible al efluvio telógeno (ET) agudo. Hasta la fecha, no se ha realizado ningún estudio para determinar la relación del ET en quienes han tenido COVID-19. El ET agudo se define como una pérdida de pelo difusa, no cicatrizal, generalmente autolimitada, con una duración de alrededor de 6 meses. Dentro de su etiología, se han descrito la enfermedad febril severa sistémica, el embarazo, las dietas restrictivas, el estrés severo y diversos fármacos. Afecta gravemente la calidad de vida de los pacientes y, a menudo, se asocia con pérdida de confianza y baja autoestima.

 

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has impacted our society in numerous ways. So far (November 2022) around 640 million SARS-CoV-2 infections have been confirmed worldwide. It is known that this disease has a main affection at the cardiopulmonary level, however, it affects almost all the organs and systems of the body, including the skin. Post-COVID-19 syndrome occurs in some patients, leaving significant sequelae that impact their quality of life. Among the most common sequelae are: cough, dyspnea, chronic fatigue, hyposmia and dysosmia. In addition to these, other sequelae not related to respiratory syndrome have been reported, such as hair loss, which has been observed in around 20% of post-COVID-19 patients, this could be attributable to acute telogen effluvium (TE). To date, no study has been conducted to determine the relationship of ET in those who have had COVID-19. Acute ET is defined as diffuse, non-scarring hair loss, usually self-limited, lasting for about 6 months. Within its etiology, severe systemic febrile illness, pregnancy, restrictive diets, severe stress and various drugs have been described. It seriously affects the quality of life of patients and is often associated with loss of confidence and low self-esteem.

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References

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