Characterization of saponins from Acalypha indicaL and Carica papayaL and its microbial activities.

The advent of science in the search for antibiotics principally depends on medicinal plants as raw materials. This in-vitro study corroborated the antimicrobial activity of the plants used mostly in folklore medicine. The extract of Carica papaya and acalypha indica were tested against bacterial strains, Pseudomonas fluorescens, E. coli, Staphylococcus aureusandBacillus subtillisand fungal strains, Fussariumoxysporum, and Phytophtherainfestans. both extracts showed activity against those isolates.

The qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analyses of the plant extracts were carried out via GC–MS for the essential phytocomponents and HPLC analysis was used to determine the saponins purity of both extracts. The methanol extracts of the plants were the most active based on the antifungal assay. The qualitative phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannin, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, and terpenoids in the plant. The HPLC analysis revealed a quantitative phytochemical analysis of the most active extract in the plants, the saponins with the highest content of 43.17% and 23.67%. The GC–MS analyses of the plants revealed the presence of Thiophene,2,3-dihydro (47%), Pyridine-4-aldehyd,N-ethoxycarbonylhydrazon (15.5%) in acalifa indica and 2-Trifluoroacetoxydodecane (38.24%), 1,3,5-Triazine-2,4-diamine, N,N'-bis(1-methylethyl)-6-(methylsulfonyl)-(12.20%) in Carica papaya.

The present study revealed that the Carica papaya and acalypha indica extract were composed of a variety of metabolites and therapeutic active substances, in addition to novel substances. These substances can be isolated and evaluated experimentally to confirm their biological and medicinal activities as well as verify their mechanism of action.