ПЕРИФРАСТИЧНІ ЕВФЕМІСТИЧНІ НОМІНАЦІЇ СОЦІОКУЛЬТУРНИХ ТАБУ: ЛІНГВОКОГНІТИВНИЙ АСПЕКТ (на матеріалі вікторіанського художнього дискурсу)

Mastering of euphemistic means which are able to level the negative impact of the phrase is presently under the research. The aim of the paper is presented in the disclosure of euphemistic periphrastic formation referring to the nomination of socio-cultural taboos. Contexts of Victorian discourse are rich sources of euphemistic nominations to function and to refer to the socio-cultural taboos of the epoch. Being a linguo-cognitive mechanism to function the periphrasis is selected. Periphrastic euphemistic category is based on the cognitive mechanisms of polarization, generalization and deperspectivisation. The paper discovers that cognitive operation of polarization is based on the opposition due to the existence of opposing concepts. The basis of generalization is cognitive operation of hyponym - hypernym substitution where hyponym and hypernym are presented like categories of different levels. The selectivity of human perception mechanism is the rich grounding of deperspectivisation. As a background for the mechanism serves the fact that a person chooses only the information that is currently the most significant and meaningful. The paper presents analyses of major cognitive mechanisms in the context of the Victorian discourse.