Culex (Culex) pipiens Linnaeus 1758
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Description
Culex (Culex) pipiens Linnaeus, 1758
Northernmost records (Fig. 4a). 67°33 ′ 46.49 ″ N, 30°28 ′ 26.49 ″ E, MP, Kovdor Distr., Kovdor (Sharkov, 1976); 63°18 ′ 17.5 ″ N, 48°31 ′ 56.9 ″ E, Komi, Udorskiy Distr., Selegvozh (Panyukova & Ostroushko, 2017); 71°30 ′ 38.91 ″ N, 52°18 ′ 3 ″ E, AP, Novaya Zemlya, Belush’ya Bay * (Sack, 1923); 70°2 ′ 10.73 ″ N, 59°28 ′ 55.59 ″ E, NAR, Zapolyarnyy Distr., Vaygach I. * (de Meijere, 1910); 67°29 ′ 50.68 ″ N, 64°3 ′ 39.93 ″ E, Komi, Vorkuta Distr., Vorkuta (Panyukova & Ostroushko, 2017).
Distribution. NWR: AP*, Komi, KP, LP, MP, NAR*, NP, PP, RK, SPb, VP. Adjacent countries: Norway, Sweden, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Belarus. Europe (ranging northward to the UK, Belgium, the Netherlands and Denmark); the Holarctic (except Polar regions); more locally in the Ethiopian, Neotropical and Australian regions.
Note. The northernmost records (Fig. 4a) of Culex pipiens are 70°2 ′ 10.73 ″ N, 59°28 ′ 55.59 ″ E, Vaygach Island (de Meijere, 1910), and 71°30 ′ 38.91 ″ N, 52°18 ′ 3 ″ E, Novaya Zemlya (Sack, 1923). However, in Fennoscandia this species is recorded only in the southern half of Sweden and Norway, in southern and central Finland. The northernmost records of Cx. pipiens from these countries are as follows: Norway: 62°33 ′ 8.85 ″ N, 7°40 ′ 16.77 ″ E, Grytten (Natvig, 1948); Sweden: 65°49 ′ 40.8 ″ N, 24°04 ′ 22.8 ″ E, Haparanda (Hesson et al, 2014); 67°3 ′ 43.73 ″ N, 20°2 ′ 0.11 ″ E, Norrbotten (Lundström et al., 2013); Finland: 65°44 ′ 10.0 ″ N, 24°33 ′ 50.0 ″ E, Kemi (Hesson et al., 2014). We consider that the correct northernmost records of Cx. pipiens are those from the Murmansk Province and the Komi Republic.
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Biodiversity
References
- Sharkov A. A. 1976. Species composition and distribution of mosquitoes in Murmansk Province. In: Lutta A. S. (Ed.). Parazitologicheskie issledovaniya v Karel'skoy ASSR i Murmanskoy oblasti [Parasitological studies in Karelian Autonomous Republic and Murmansk Province]: 62 - 68. Petrozavodsk. (In Russian).
- Panyukova E. V. & Ostroushko T. S. 2017. Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). Fauna Evropeyskogo Severo-Vostoka Rossii [Fauna of the Northeast of European Russia], 11 (2). Moscow: KMK Scientific Press. 209 p. (In Russian).
- Sack P. 1923. Dipteren aus Nowaja Semlja. In: Holtedahl O. (Ed.). Report of the scientific results of the Norwegian expedition to Novaya Zemlya 1921, 15: 1 - 10. Kristiania: A. W. BrOggers Boktrykkeri.
- de Meijere J. C. H. 1910. Die Dipteren der arktischen Inseln. In: Romer F., Schaudinn F. & Brauer A. (Eds). Fauna Arctica. Eine Zusammenstellung der arktischen Tierformen mit besonderer Berucksichtigung des Spitzbergen-Gebietes auf Grund der Ergebnisse der Deutschen Expedition in das Nordliche Eismeer im Jahre 1898: 15 - 40. Jena.
- Natvig L. R. 1948. Contributions to the knowledge of the Danish and Fennoscandian mosquitoes - Culicini. Norsk Entomologisk Tidsskrift, Supplement 1: 1 - 567.
- Hesson J. C., Rettich F., Merdic´ E., Vignjevic´ G., Ostman O., Schafer M., Schaffner F., Foussadier R., Besnard G., Medlock J., Scholte E. J. & Lundstrom J. O. 2014. The arbovirus vector Culex torrentium is more prevalent than Culex pipiens in northern and central Europe. Medical and veterinary Entomology, 28 (2): 179 - 186. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / mve. 12024
- Lundstrom J. O., Schafer M. L., Hesson J. C., Blomgren E., Lindstrom A., Wahlqvist P., Halling A., Hagelin A., Ahlm C., Evander M., Broman T., Forsman M. & Vinnersten T. Z. 2013. The geographic distribution of mosquito species in Sweden. Journal of the European Mosquito Control Association, 31: 21 - 35.