Comparative Study of Clinical Profile, Investigations and Outcome in St Elevation Myocardial Infarction among Diabetic and Non Diabetic Patients

Background: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the most common diagnoses in hospitalized patients. Diabetes is an independent risk factor for the development of coronary artery disease.

Hence knowledge of prior diagnosis of diabetes as well as knowing the blood glucose levels at the time admission in patients with myocardial infarction has important implications for proper patient’s management, as early aggressive treatment of hyperglycaemia may beneficially influence both the short and long term outcomes in these patients.

Aims and objectives: To study the influence of diabetes on age of occurrence, Gender distribution, incidence of painless STEMI and Complications.

Materials and methods: 36 Patients fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were involved in the study after obtaining a written informed consent. A pre-tested semi structured questionnaire was used to collect data from study participants. The data were entered in MS excel and was analysed using SPSS. Descriptive analysis, chi-square and odd’s ratio were performed. The results were presented in the form of frequency and percentages. p<0.05 was considered as significant.

Results: In our study, majority of the patients were within the age group of 51-60 and were male patients. Most of them had sedentary lifestyle. Anterior wall MI was most common. Diabetics showed higher Killip class. Cardiac failure, ventricular arrhythmias, heart block and mortality were more common among diabetics than that of non-diabetics.

Conclusion: Diabetic patients have a blunted appreciation for ischemic pain. As a result of this reduced sensation, myocardial ischemia or infarction may be associated with only mild symptoms and go unrecognized or may be entirely asymptomatic and thus truly silent. Prompt and timely recognition, early treatment, treatment adherence plays a vital role in preventing and treating myocardial infarction among diabetic patients.