Evaluation of retinal changes in diabetic retinopathy by optical coherence tomography

The importance of optical coherence tomography (OCT) examination in the evaluation of the retina in the neoproliferation stage of diabetic retinopathy (DR) has been studied with the conducted research. In the present study, while fulfilling the goal set for 2020-2022 according to clinical and laboratory criteria, 100 patients with diabetic retinopathy (200 eyes) ( (average age 50-70) were examined. The control group consisted of 50 patients (100 eyes) with diabetes but diabetic retinopathy was not yet detected. For many years, fluorescence angiography was considered the gold standard in the diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy. In modern ophthalmology, an examination method called optical coherence tomography is used to perform a cross-sectional image of the retina. The results of the conducted research allow the detection of changes in the thickness of the macular part of the retina in the early stage of OCT diabetic retinopathy. It has been determined that the initial damage due to diabetes is observed in most cases between 6-10 years, which depends on the hyperglycemic index in many cases. In the diagnosis of DR, OCT examination plays an important role in the selection of treatment tactics, it facilitates the measurement of macular thickening, the detection of diffuse and cystic macular edema, and the detection of vitreoretinal tractions.