Figure 4. a in EVIDENCE OF PARTHENOGENETIC POPULATIONS FROM THE PARATANYTARSUS LACCOPHILUS SPECIES GROUP (DIPTERA: CHIRONOMIDAE) IN THE ALASKAN ARCTIC Abstract Introduction

Figure 4. a) Emergence synchrony of individuals of the Paratanytarsus laccophilus species group as evidenced by pupal exuviae count vs. sample date (Julian) in 2015 and 2016 from Kaleak Pond. In both years sampling began on Julian day 150 (30 May and 29 May, respectively). In 2015 sampling concluded on Julian date 201 (20 July), and in 2016 on day 213 (31 July). b) Hourly temperature (°C) vs. Julian date from a Hoboware data logger in Kaleak Pond. Thaw was defined according to McEwen and Butler (2018) using the pond-specific logger. In 2015 pond thaw occurred on day 139 (19 May), and in 2016 on day 137 (16 May). The red curve through the data points represents the cubic spline with a bootstrap confidence region at lambda = 0.05.