Constitutional Status of Women in India: A Historical Perspective

The status of women in any civilization shows the stage of evolution oat which, the civilization has arrived^[1]. The term ‘status’ includes not only personal and proprietary right but also duties, liabilities and disabilities[2]. In the case of a Indian women, it mean her personal right, proprietary rights, her duties, liabilities and disabilities vis-a vis the society and her family members. The status of women could be the best indicator of any nation. Azim (1997) endorses this view when she say “The position of women in society is true index of its cultural and spiritual attainment”, women’s active and social role is regarded as an integral part of progressive social system[3]. In India women are the second largest population of the country. Total women population is more than 646 million (2021) in all Indian population over 1.42 billion.[4]. But her status is not better than Man, especially in Public Life, Politics, Education and Employments.

[1] Nivedita Menon & Shadhna Aarya (2004),  Stri Shanghars Ka Itihas,(Hindi)

[2] Ibid

[3] Shaukat Azim (1997), Muslim Women Emerging identity

[4]   Census of India 2021.