Variation of Bio-Morphometric Traits and Antioxidant Compounds of Brassica oleracea L. Accessions in Relation to Drought Stress

Drought tolerance of Brassica crops can be genetically improved by establishing plant
ideotypes with improved yield responses associated with agronomic traits and biochemical markers.
The objective of this study was to compare 20 Brassica oleracea L. accessions grown under two different
water treatments (100% and 35% reintegration of evapotranspiration by irrigation) to select potential
tolerant genotypes for organic cultivation based on several agronomic and biochemical parameters
measured in response to drought stress. Significant differences were registered for the genotype
and the irrigation regime and for their interaction (p < 0.0001 ***). A principal component analysis
was performed to summarize the correlations among the analyzed phytochemicals and the stressed
and not stressed genotypes and highlighted the importance of the antioxidant compounds as stress
biomarkers. The present results showed that drought significantly reduces growth parameters and
increases the amount of ascorbic acid and polyphenols compared to the irrigated control. Additionally,
the results show that antioxidant metabolism increased by drought in some genotypes while others
maintained a good biomass production by increasing the value of growth parameters considered.
Based on the average sum of ranks (ASR) of morpho-physiological and biochemical parameters, the
genotypes CR, CC, and BH were determined to be the most drought tolerant, whereas CI5, BU, and
CV1 were determined to be the most susceptible. Due to the potential of these genotypes, further
molecular and cellular research will be carried out to identify the genetic marker associated with the
water stress response.