Clinical Study of Socio-Demographic Factors, Risk Factors and Feto-Maternal Outcome in Early And Late Onset Pre-Eclampsia

Objectives: To study socio-demographic factors and risk factors of women with preeclampsia and to study complications and feto-maternal outcome in early and late onset preeclampsia. Methods: This is a prospective observational study conducted over a period of 2 years. Statistical analysis of data was then done by using SPSS (version 22) for windows and is presented as percentages. Results: In the study, majority of the mothers belonged to the age group of 21 to 25 years (46.2%). Majority had studied till secondary education (56.6%), residing in rural areas (59.4%), and belonging to lower middle class (57.5%). Majority were unbooked cases (72.6%), primigravida (50.0%), with gestational age more than 34 weeks (67.9%), and normal BMI (75.5%).In this study majority were late onset preeclampsia(71.7%).In the study, the condition was severe in majority of the mothers with early onset preeclampsia (60.0%), while the condition of mothers with late onset preeclampsia was non severe in majority (55.3%). In the study, majority of the mothers with early onset pre- eclampsia delivered spontaneously (53.3%), whereas majority with late onset pre-eclampsia required induction for delivering the child (53.9%). The proportion of subjects with complications such as eclampsia, HELLP syndrome, AKI, DIC, PPH, and abruption was more in case of early onset preeclampsia, while the PRES syndrome was present more in case of late onset preeclampsia. Maternal and Fetal mortality and need for resuscitation was more in early onset preeclampsia. Conclusion: Maternal and fetal complications, morbidities and mortality was more in early onset preeclampsia. Thus Preeclampsia must be diagnosed in early pregnancy to prevent its complications. Preventive screening of women for high risk in preeclampsia must be done and existing preventive measures should be applied