ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION: DEFINITION, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION, PROGNOSTIC ASPECTS, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT

Orthostatic hypotension (OG) is a form of orthostatic instability (orthostatic tolerance) – the inadequacy of the responses of the cardiovascular system in response to the transition to the vertical position. It was first described by American physicians Samuel Bradbury and Carey Eggleston in 1925 as a degenerative disease of the autonomic nervous system, characterized by the gradual development of postural ( orthostatic) hypotension with a fixed heart rate (HR), anhidrosis, nocturia, disorders of the function of intestinal and urinary sphincters, visual disturbances, impotence, pain in the neck and occipital region, relieving in a horizontal position with a characteristic increase in symptoms in the morning, after eating, physical exertion, in hot weather.