LANDSLIDE PROCESSES AND PHENOMENA ON THE TERRITORY OF THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC

The territory of the Kyrgyz Republic belongs to a mountainous country, has a highly dissected relief and a complex geological structure favorable for the development of exogenous geological processes such as landslides, mudslides of various genesis, river erosion, flooding, landslides, rockfalls, etc.

The climate of the Republic is sharply continental with a lot of precipitation in the autumn-winter and spring period of the year. These factors lead to the formation of the above-mentioned geological processes that damage the property of the population, the death of people, and therefore, the issues of preservation and compensation for damage to property are related to the social aspects of buildings and structures.

Mountainous and foothill regions of the republic, composed of pre-quaternary formations of various ages and genesis, are covered by a powerful cover of loess deposits. The presence of loess rocks characterized by a sharp decrease in strength properties when moistened, the large steepness and height of the slopes, their significant watering by surface and groundwater, especially in fault zones, determine the specifics of the formation and manifestation of exogenous geological processes.

Landslide processes that pose a threat to villages, mining enterprises, individual sections of railways and highways, agricultural land, power lines, communications, mountain river closures, etc. have become the most widespread in the mountainous and foothill regions of Kyrgyzstan.

In total, about 600 settlements are located in landslide-prone zones, the danger for which will continue to exist in the future.