AN OVERVIEW OF TECHNIQUES OF TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an effective treatment for advanced degenerative joint condition. Proper implant alignment, size, and rotation, as well as adequate soft-tissue balance, are required for positive clinical outcomes. Literature were searched for relevant studies that were published up to 2022. Using electronic medical databases; PubMed and Embase. Current TKA implants are designed to meet the fundamental requirements of achieving stability in both flexion and extension, as well as optimizing patellar tracking. The two different approaches used to implant the TKA components used today are measured resection and gap balancing. Both approaches have been proven as long-lasting and effective, and each offers distinct advantages and downsides. A hybrid technique has been devised that combines the advantages of measured resection and gap balancing while minimizing the drawbacks of both procedures. This hybrid strategy has the potential to increase TKA kinematics while also refining surgical technique.