Catalog of the biting midges of Argentina (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)

doi:10.11646/zootaxa.5261.1.1

Published April 3, 2023 | Version v1

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Catalog of the biting midges of Argentina (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)

Spinelli, Gustavo R., Ronderos, María M., Ayala, Mahia M., Díaz, Florentina (2023): Catalog of the biting midges of Argentina (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Zootaxa 5261 (1): 1-83, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5261.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN

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Has part: Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF84FF80FF67C89C11C02474 (URL); Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7798974 (DOI); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF84FF80FF67C998110F2705 (URL); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF84FF80FF67CA4C11A027D1 (URL); Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7798984 (DOI); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF84FF80FF67CAF016CF269D (URL); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF84FF83FF67CBD8118A26BB (URL); Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7799567 (DOI); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF87FF83FF67CBD917E12129 (URL); Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7799569 (DOI); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF87FF83FF67CC6910072049 (URL); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF87FF83FF67CDE5119723A1 (URL); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF87FF83FF67CEE0145E226D (URL); Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7799571 (DOI); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF87FF82FF67CF95170D24B1 (URL); Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7798986 (DOI); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF89FF8DFF67CE3D11BB2385 (URL); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF89FF8DFF67CECD11982235 (URL); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF89FF8CFF67CF5D11732721 (URL); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF88FF8CFF67CA61171326D7 (URL); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF88FF8CFF67CBFC146B2145 (URL); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF88FF8CFF67CC8D145620DD (URL); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF88FF8CFF67CDE510052235 (URL); Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7799577 (DOI); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF88FF8FFF67CF70111424B1 (URL); Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7799579 (DOI); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF8BFF8FFF67C9F5169B2609 (URL); Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7799652 (DOI); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF8BFF8FFF67CB4917962145 (URL); Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7799655 (DOI); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF8BFF8FFF67CC8C162A21F5 (URL); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF8BFF8FFF67CD1D164320F9 (URL); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF8BFF8FFF67CE1910192385 (URL); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF8BFF8FFF67CEE1141722C1 (URL); Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7799657 (DOI); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF8AFF8EFF67C89D15AC245D (URL); Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7799659 (DOI); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF8AFF8EFF67C96514FC24E9 (URL); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF8AFF8EFF67CA2810652799 (URL); Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7799663 (DOI); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF8AFF8EFF67CAB914B92625 (URL); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF8AFF8EFF67CB8116CF2161 (URL); Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7799665 (DOI); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF8AFF8EFF67CCA114E52011 (URL); Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7799667 (DOI); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF8AFF8EFF67CD3014852081 (URL); Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7799669 (DOI); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF8AFF8EFF67CDC011382369 (URL); Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7799671 (DOI); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF8AFF8EFF67CEA9101C23FD (URL); Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7799673 (DOI); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF8AFF8EFF67CF0516E6226D (URL); Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7799675 (DOI); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF8AFF89FF67CF9511E725C9 (URL); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF8DFF89FF67C90914042721 (URL); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF8DFF89FF67CA611459269D (URL); Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.7799677 (DOI); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF8DFF89FF67CBA416C6210D (URL); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF8DFF89FF67CC69164A202D (URL); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF8DFF89FF67CD5510F223A1 (URL); Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C05987B9FF8DFFBDFF67CF0510F026BB (URL)

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Spinelli, G.R., Greiner, E.C. & Wirth, W.W. (1993) The Neotropical bloodsucking midges of the Culicoides guttatus group of the subgenus Hoffmania (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Contributions of the American Entomological Institute, 27, 1-91.
Spinelli, G.R. & Grogan, W.L. (1984) Three new species of Macrurohelea from Argentina with a key to the Neotropical species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 86, 961-967.
Spinelli, G.R. & Grogan, W.L. (1985) Clastrieromyia, a new Neotropical genus of predaceous midges related to Palpomyia and Bezzia (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 87, 329-334.
Spinelli, G.R. & Grogan, W.L. (1986) Two new species of the predaceous midge genus Clastrieromyia from Uruguay with a new record of C. schnacki for Argentina (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 88, 455-460.
Spinelli, G.R. & Grogan, W.L. (1987) A revision of the Neotropical species of Parabezzia (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Biologia Acuatica, 11, 1-45.
Spinelli, G.R. & Grogan, W.L. (1990) New species of predaceous midges of the tribe Ceratopogonini from subantarctic Argentina (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 92, 127-134.
Spinelli, G.R. & Grogan, W.L. (1993) Borkenthelea, a new predaceous midge genus from subantarctic Argentina (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 95, 321-326.
Spinelli, G.R. & Grogan, W.L. (1994) Two new Neotropical species of the subgenus Isohelea of Brachypogon, with the description of the female of B. (I.) misionensis and a key to the Neotropical species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 53, 1-8.
Spinelli, G.R. & Grogan, W.L. (1998) A revision of the Neotropical predaceous midges of Brachypogon (Brachypogon) Kieffer (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Insecta Mundi, 12, 59-79.
Spinelli, G.R. & Grogan, W.L. (1999) A new species of Macrurohelea Ingram and Macfie, and new records of biting midges of the tribes Culicoidini and Ceratopogonini (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from Tierra del Fuego and the Magallanes. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 101, 708-713.
Spinelli, G.R. & Grogan, W.L. (2001) A revision of the Patagonian predaceous midge genus Borkenthelea Spinelli and Grogan (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 103, 147-156.
Spinelli, G.R. & Grogan, W.L. (2003) A revision of the Neotropical biting midges of the genus Paradasyhelea Ingram and Macfie (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 105, 568-577.
Spinelli, G.R., Grogan, W.L. & Ronderos, M.M. (2009b) A revision of the Patagonian predaceous midges of the genus Palpomyia Meigen (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Insect Systematics and Evolution, 40, 43-70. https://doi.org/10.1163/187631209X416705
Spinelli, G.R. & Marino, P.I. (1997) Two new species of the subgenus Thyridomyia of Forcipomyia from Argentina and new records of F. (Synthyridomyia) sanctaeclarae (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 123, 187-190.
Spinelli, G.R. & Marino, P.I. (1998) First records for Argentina of three species of Forcipomyia (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 57, 39-40.
Spinelli, G.R. & Marino, P.I. (2007) A new Neotropical species of Atrichopogon Kieffer, and a redescription of A. casali Cavalieri & Chiossone (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment, 42, 203-209. https://doi.org/10.1080/01650520601136912
Spinelli, G.R. & Marino, P.I. (2018) Forcipomyia (Synthyridomyia) murina (Winnertz, 1852) in South America. Synonymy and redescription (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Biologia Acuatica, 33, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.24215/16684869e001
Spinelli, G.R., Marino, P.I. & Borkent, A. (2009a) First description of the male of the predaceous midge genus Notiohelea Grogan & Wirth (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Entomological News, 120, 305-310. https://doi.org/10.3157/021.120.0309
Spinelli, G.R., Marino, P.I. & Borkent, A. (2012a) A revision of biting midges of the subgenera Forcipomyia (Metaforcipomyia) and F. (Saliohelea) from Costa Rica (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Zootaxa, 3419 (1), 1-52. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3419.1.1
Spinelli, G.R., Marino, P.I. & Gaddi, A.L. (2010) New records of biting midges from Argentina and Chile (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 69, 127-132.
Spinelli, G.R., Marino, P.I. & Huerta, H. (2015a) Revision of the Notropical species of the subgenus Atrichopogon (Psilokempia) (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Zootaxa, 4003 (1), 1-64. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4003.1.1
Spinelli, G.R., Marino, P.I. & Mauad, M. (2012b) Diptera, Ceratopogonidae Newman, 1834: New records of Biting and Predaceous midges from Ibera wetlands, Argentina. Check List, 8, 886-888.
Spinelli, G.R., Marino, P.I. & Mauad, M. (2012c) Wing pattern variation in the Patagonian biting midge, Forcipomyia (Forcipomyia) multipicta Ingram & Macfie (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 71, 309-313.
Spinelli, G.R., Marino, P.I. & Posadas, P. (2006) The Patagonian species of the genus Atrichopogon Kieffer, with a biogeographic analysis based on Forcipomyiinae (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Insect Systematics and Evolution, 37, 301-324. https://doi.org/10.1163/187631206788838581
Spinelli, G.R., Marino, P.I. & Ronderos, M.M. (2005b) The fourth instar larva and pupa of the Neotropical species Forcipomyia (Forcipomyia) rioplatensis Marino & Spinelli (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 107, 108-114.
Spinelli, G.R. & Martinez, M.E. (1992) The genus Culicoides in Uruguay (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Insecta Mundi, 5, 175- 179 (1991).
Spinelli, G.R. & Rodriguez, E.A. (1999) A new species of Dasyhelea from Argentina described as adult, pupae and fourth instar larvae (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Neotropica, 45, 59-62.
Spinelli, G.R. & Ronderos, M.M. (1987) Notas sobre Ceratopogonidae (Diptera: Nematocera) de la Republica Argentina. V. Nuevos aportes al conocimiento del genero Dasyhelea Kieffer. Neotropica, 33, 11-17.
Spinelli, G.R. & Ronderos, M.M. (1991) Los polvorines del genero Culicoides en area de influencia de la represa de Salto Grande (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Neotropica, 37, 83-94.
Spinelli, G.R. & Ronderos, M.M. (1994) Nuevos registros de Culicoides para los bosques subantarticos de la Argentina y Chile (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Neotropica, 40, 60.
Spinelli, G.R. & Ronderos, M.M. (1997) Description of the male of Culicoides lahillei and revalidation of Culicoides debilipalpis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 123, 303-309.
Spinelli, G.R. & Ronderos, M.M. (2001a) The male of Culicoides irwini (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 127, 513-517.
Spinelli, G.R. & Ronderos, M.M. (2001b) First record of the genus Bezzia in Chile, with a description of a new species of the venustula group (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Revista Chilena de Historia Natural, 74, 751-754. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0716-078X2001000400002
Spinelli, G.R. & Ronderos, M.M. (2005) Description of the male of Culicoides pampaensis Spinelli & Wirth (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 64, 43-45.
Spinelli, G.R. & Ronderos, M.M. (2007) Description of the male of Culicoides dureti (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 66, 77-80.
Spinelli, G.R. & Ronderos, M.M. (2015) First description of the male of Diaphanobezzia patagonica (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 74, 57-60.
Spinelli, G.R., Ronderos, M.M. & Balseiro, E.G. (1989) Analisis de la actividad diaria de dipteros nematoceros en Punta Lara (Pdo. de Ensenada, Prov. de Buenos Aires). II. Ceratopogonidae, con la descripcion de una especie nueva en el genero Atrichopogon. Limnobios, 2, 733-737.
Spinelli, G.R., Ronderos, M.M. & Cazorla, C.G. (2012d) A new species of Bezzia Kieffer from Argentina (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Zootaxa, 3232, 62-68. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3232.1.3
Spinelli, G.R., Ronderos, M.M. & Diaz, F. (2021) Two new species and new records of Neotropical Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Zootaxa, 4915 (3), 401-410. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4915.3.8
Spinelli, G.R., Ronderos, M.M. & Diaz, F. (2022a) A new species of Leptoconops Skuse from Argentina, description of the male of L. casali Cavalieri & Chiossone and a key to the Neotropical species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Zootaxa, 5091 (3), 487-494. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5091.3.8
Spinelli, G.R., Ronderos, M.M., Diaz, F. & Marino, P.I. (2005a) The bloodsucking biting midges of Argentina (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 100, 137-150. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02762005000200006
Spinelli, G.R., Ronderos, M.M., Donato, M. & Siri, A. (2018) Yungahelea, a new genus of predaceous midge from northwestern Argentina (Culicomorpha: Ceratopogonidae). Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias, 90, 137-146. https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201720170079
Spinelli, G.R., Ronderos, M.M. & Funes, A. (2016) Redescription of pupae of the New World predaceous midges, Pachyhelea pachymera (Williston, 1900) and Clastrieromyia dycei Spinelli and Grogan, 1986 (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Aquatic Insects, 37, 9-20. https://doi.org/10.1080/01650424.2015.1105377
Spinelli, G.R., Ronderos, M.M. & Grogan, W.L. (2015b) A new species of predaceous midge in the Patagonian genus Austrosphaeromias with a redescription of A. chilensis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Iheringia, serie Zoologia, 105, 94- 100. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-47662015105194100
Spinelli, G.R., Ronderos, M.M. & Grogan, W.L. (2022b) Five new species in the predaceous midge genus Macrurohelea Ingram & Macfie from Argentina, and descriptions of the previously unknown males of M. kuscheli Wirth and M. monotheca Spinelli & Grogan (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Zootaxa, 5093 (4), 445-464. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5093.4.4
Spinelli, G.R., Ronderos, M.M. & Marino, P.I. (2012e) Redescription of the pupa of Parabezzia balseiroi (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 71, 163-168. https://doi.org/10.7550/rmb.28876
Spinelli, G.R., Ronderos, M.M., Omad, G, Pessacq, P. & Marino, P.I. (2013) A new species of Bezzia Kieffer from Argentinean Patagonia (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Annales Zoologici, 63, 263-274. https://doi.org/10.3161/000345413X669568
Spinelli, G.R., Veggiani Aybar, C., Dantur Juri, M.J., Lizarralde de Grosso, L. & Marino, P.I. (2013c) Two new species and new records of biting midges of the genus Culicoides from northwestern Argentina (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 108, 586-589. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02762013000500008
Spinelli, G.R. & Wirth, W.W. (1981): A new species of predaceous midge of the genus Bezzia Kieffer from Argentina (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 40, 187-192.
Spinelli, G.R. & Wirth, W.W. (1984a) Las especies Neotropicales del genero Dasyhelea, grupo cincta (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Limnobios, 2, 586-608.
Spinelli, G.R. & Wirth, W.W. (1984b) Ocho especies nuevas del genero Culicoides Latreille de la region Neotropical. Primera descripcion del macho de C. flinti Wirth, y de la hembra de C. lenti Tavares y Luna Dias (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 43, 171-185.
Spinelli, G.R. & Wirth, W.W. (1984c) The Neotropical predaceous midges of the genus Alluaudomyia (Diptera:Ceratopogonidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 86, 673-702.
Spinelli, G.R. & Wirth, W.W. (1984d) A review of the Neotropical predaceous midge genus Paryphoconus (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 97, 882-908.
Spinelli, G.R. & Wirth, W.W. (1986) Clave para la identificacion de las especies del genero Culicoides Latreille presentes al sur de la cuenca Amazonica. Nuevas citas y notas sinonimicas (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 44, 49-73.
Spinelli, G.R. & Wirth, W.W. (1989a) Las especies Neotropicales del genero Bezzia (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). II. Los grupos nobilis y punctipennis. Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 45, 109-129.
Spinelli, G.R. & Wirth, W.W. (1989b) The Neotropical predaceous midges of the genus Bezzia (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) Part I. The glabra and brevicornis groups. Limnobios, 2, 762-778.
Spinelli, G.R. & Wirth, W.W. (1990) Neotropical predaceous midges of the genus Bezzia (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) Part III. The gibbera group of species. Insecta Mundi, 4, 11-32.
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Wirth, W.W. & Blanton, F.S. (1953) Studies in Panama Culicoides (Diptera, Heleidae). II. Descriptions of six additional new species. Journal of Parasitology, 39, 229-236. https://doi.org/10.2307/3273942
Wirth, W.W. & Blanton, F.S. (1956) Studies in Panama Culicoides VII. The species of the pulicaris and cova-garciai groups (Diptera, Heleidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 58, 211-227.
Wirth, W.W. & Blanton, F.S. (1959) Biting midges of the genus Culicoides from Panama (Diptera: Heleidae). Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 109, 237-482. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.109-3415.237
Wirth, W.W. & Blanton, F.S. (1968) A revision of the neotropical biting midges of the hylas group of Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Florida Entomologist, 51, 201-215. https://doi.org/10.2307/3493420
Wirth,W.W.& Blanton, F.S. (1970)A review of the Culicoides nigrigenus group, with two new species (Diptera:Ceratopogonidae). Entomological News, 81, 141-151.
Wirth, W.W. & Blanton, F.S. (1972) A new Patagonian biting midge of the the genus Monohelea, Isthmohelea (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Florida Entomologist, 55, 173-176. https://doi.org/10.2307/3493142
Wirth, W.W. & Blanton, F.S. (1973) A review of the maruins or biting midges of the genus Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in the Amazon Basin. Amazoniana, 4, 405-470.
Wirth, W.W. & Blanton, F.S. (1974) The West Indian sandflies of the genus Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Technical Bulletin, 1474, 1-98.
Wirth, W.W., Dyce, A.L. & Spinelli, G.R. (1988) An atlas of wing photographs, with a summary of the numerical characters of the Neotropical species of Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Contributions of the American Entomological Institute, 25, 1-72.
Wirth, W.W. & Felippe-Bauer, M.L. (1989) The neotropical biting midges related to Culicoides paraensis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 84, 551-565. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02761989000800096
Wirth, W.W. & Grogan, W.L. (1988) The predaceous midges of the world (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae; Tribe Ceratopogonini). Flora and Fauna Handbook 4. E.J. Brill, Leiden, 160 pp.
Wirth, W.W. & Hubert, A.A. (1960) Ceratopogonidae (Diptera) reared from cacti, with a review of the copiosus group of Culicoides. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 53, 639-658. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/53.5.639
Wirth, W.W. & Messersmith, D.H. (1971) Studies on the genus Forcipomyia. 1. The North American parasitic midges of the subgenus Trichohelea (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 64, 15-26. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/64.1.15
Wirth, W.W. & Mullens, B.A. (1992) Culicoides boydi (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae): a potential vector of hemorrhagic disease viruses to desert bighorn sheep in southern California. Journal of Medical Entomology, 29, 1006-1010. https://doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/29.6.1006
Wirth, W.W. & Ratanaworabhan, N.C. (1972a) Neobezzia, a new neotropical biting midge genus of the tribe Sphaeromiini (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 45, 476-490.
Wirth, W.W. & Ratanaworabhan, N.C. (1972b) A revision of the tribe Stenoxenini (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 65, 1368-1388. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/65.6.1368
Wirth, W.W. & Ratanaworabhan, N.C. (1978) Studies on the genus Forcipomyia. V. Key to subgenera and description of a new subgenus related to Euprojoannisia Brethes (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 80, 493-507.
Wirth, W.W. & Soria, S.J. (1975) A new Neotropical Forcipomyia midge closely related to F. (F.) genualis (Loew) (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Revista Theobroma, 5, 19-27.
Wirth, W.W. & Soria, S.J. (1980) Studies on the genus Forcipomyia VI. The Neotropical species of the subgenus Warmkea (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Revista Theobroma, 9, 137-161.
Wirth, W.W. & Soria, S.J. (1981) Two Culicoides biting midges reared from inflorescences of Calathea in Brazil and Colombia, and a key to the species of the discrepans groups (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Revista Theobroma, 11, 107-117.
Wirth, W.W. & Spinelli, G.R. (1992a) Immature stages of Forcipomyia seminole Wirth and a related new neotropical species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Florida Entomologist, 75, 349-356. https://doi.org/10.2307/3495856
Wirth, W.W. & Spinelli, G.R. (1992b) American predaceous midges of the subgenus Eukraiohelea of Stilobezzia (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Florida Entomologist, 75, 342-349. https://doi.org/10.2307/3495855
Wirth, W.W. & Spinelli, G.R. (1993a) The American species of the annulatipes group of the subgenus Lepidohelea, genus Forcipomyia (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Insecta Mundi, 6, 109-125 (1992).
Wirth, W.W. & Spinelli, G.R. (1993b) The North American species of the Forcipomyia (Lepidohelea) bicolor subgroup (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 95, 611-634.
Wirth, W.W. & Williams, R.W. (1957) The biting midges of the Bermuda Islands, with descriptions of five new species. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 59, 5-14.

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Catalog of the biting midges of Argentina (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)

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Catalog of the biting midges of Argentina (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)

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