The Epidemiology and Impact of Traumatic Brain Injury in Intensive Care Unit in Baghdad / Iraq

The Epidemiology and Impact of Traumatic Brain Injury in Intensive Care Unit in Baghdad / Iraq
                  Dr. Duaa  salam atiya, ^1*, Dr. Wamedh jalal hameed,² Dr. Alaa Hussein Al-Taie³

<sup>1. M.B.Ch.B
2. M.B.Ch.B \D.A\ F.I.C.M.S  A & IC
3. M.B.Ch.B \ F.I.C.M.S A & IC</sup> 

Abstract:
Background: Traumatic brain injury has been one of the leading causes of morbidity, disability and mortality across all ages.
Objective: To determine the patterns of patients with traumatic brain injury and to estimate the population-wide mortality and the contribution of traumatic brain injury to injury-related mortality.
Patient and method: A retrospective study conducted in two major trauma centers in Baghdad during the period from January 2016 to December 2018. It involved 238 patients who admitted to the traumatic centers when presented with traumatic brain injury at the intensive care unit. Patients with psychiatric illness, seizures, or those who died on arrival to intensive care unit were excluded from the study.
Result: In this study, the highest proportion of study patients was discharged home (64.3%) and 20.2% of them were died. Five factors were found to be significant independent risk factors for mortality. These factors were severe GCS (OR= 19.54), hypotension (OR=10.43), respiratory distress (OR= 17.53), skull fracture (OR= 2.76), and conservative treatment (OR= 20.03).
Conclusion: About one-fifth of causalities died during hospitalization. Each of sever GCS, respiratory distress, hypotension, skull fracture, and conservative treatment are significantly risk factors which increase mortality rate among patients with traumatic brain injury.