An Update On Cardiac Biomarkers In Detection Of Myocardial Infarction

Abstract

Myocardial infarction (MI) is defined as significant heart attack occurs when the coronary blood supply is decreased or sudden complete cessation, harming the myocardium due to a lack of oxygen, which leads to ischemic injury to the heart and leads to dead. Globally incidence of MI is increasing day by day, which leads to major cause of cardiac dead compared to other pathological conditions. Early detection and accurate diagnosis of MI can reduce the incidence of mortality and increases the survival rate. To review updates on cardiac biomarkers and methods that can be used for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction. Globally incidence of MI is increasing day by day, and some studies are being conducted on the association between COVID-19 and myocardial infarction. Early detection is a key to properly treating the MI;thus, this study aims to do this by offering both tools and techniques as well as the most recent diagnostic techniques. Myocardial infarction is an ischemic disease that is difficult to diagnose based on single factor of diagnostic method. Therefore, it is necessary to use a combination of various methods to diagnose MI quickly and accurately. This review concludes use biomarker-based ELISA, SPR, gold nanoparticle, and aptamer technologies can be used to diagnose Myocardial infarction along with electrocardiogram and echocardiogram, which is required to diagnose myocardial infarction accurately.

Key words: Myocardial nfarction (MI), Heart attack, cardiac biomarkers, ELISA,aptamer,Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR).

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