The relationship between hematoma sizes and hematological parameters with miscarriage in singleton pregnancies with first trimester subchorionic hematoma

Objective: The aim of our study is to compare the size of hematoma in pregnant women diagnosed with subchorionic hematoma (SCH) between pregnant women with SCH who had abortion and those who did not, and to investigate the role of miscarriage risk.

Methods: Between January 2018 and December 2022, this is a retrospective observational cohort study of women with intrauterine singleton pregnancies between 6 0/7 and 13 6/7 weeks of pregnancy at Mengücek Gazi Training and Research Hospital. Serial ultrasounds were performed on pregnant women in their first trimester to assess the presence, location, and size of any SCH. Clinical symptoms, including pelvic pain and vaginal bleeding, were recorded at each visit. Hospital records were used to obtain antenatal, birth, and neonatal outcomes.

Results: There was no discernible difference between the groups in terms of demographic or obstetric characteristics. Hemoglobin (Hb), leukocyte, neutrophil, lymphocyte, and platelet counts did not differ statistically between groups (p=0.89, 0.26, 0.16, 0.66, and 0.53 respectively). Neutrophil/lymphocyte (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte (PLR), and systemic immune inflammatory index (SII) hematological indices did not differ significantly (p=0.30, p=0.80, p=0.35). There was no discernible difference when the SCH area and volume of the two groups were compared (p=0.25; p=0.20).

Conclusion: In our study results, we showed that the hematological indices NLR, PLR, and SII are not effective in detecting the possibility of miscarriage in pregnant women with SCH. In addition, no significant correlation was found between the size of the hematoma and the probability of miscarriage. Prospective studies with larger populations, however, are required to better understand the relationship between subchorionic hematoma and miscarriage.