Prevalence Estimates and Associated Risk Factors of Cancer in India an Analytical Review

Cancer is one of the main causes of death and illness, and it is also one of the biggest health problems in the world today. Even though science and medicine have made a lot of progress, cancer has passed heart disease as the second-leading cause of death around the world. About 1 in 6 deaths worldwide are caused by cancer. Cancer is induced by tendencies and triggers. Tendencies are caused by internal, genetic factors, whereas external surroundings, the way someone lives, or an infection might operate as triggers. Based on the analytical review of the various secondary sources of data, the present paper attempts to provide an estimate of the prevailing trends and patterns of cancer and its associated risk factors in India. The results so analysed reveal that there were estimated 1.32 million cancer cases with 0.85 million cancer caused deaths in India in 2020. Breast cancer is the most common cancer, affecting both sexes and people of all ages, and it ranks first among all cancer types. By outlining a detailed discussion of the various cancer risk factors, the work concludes that India’s cancer burden is not the outcome of any single factor; instead, there are hidden socio-cultural trajectories that need special attention in research and policy formulation.