A Comparative Study of Treatment of Neovascular Glaucoma

Background: A fibrovascular membrane that forms on the surface of the iris and the angle is the primary cause of the secondary form of glaucoma known as neovascular glaucoma. It is generally accompanied by other anomalies, mainly ischemia, and it never occurs as a basic disorder. The study's primary goal was to evaluate the impact of trabeculectomy surgery in neovascular glaucoma patients in comparison to Mitomycin C Ologen implant/glaucoma drainage device surgery.

Methods: N=30 Patients with neovascular glaucoma seen at the ophthalmology Department of the Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences, Naganoor, Karimnagar, were thoroughly assessed. Randomly, n=10 of these patients had trabeculectomy with mitomycin C (Group I), N=10 received trabeculectomy with an implanted ologen (Group II), and n=10 received glaucoma drainage device implant surgery (Group III). The visual result, postoperative complications, and intraocular pressure management were evaluated and compared.

Results: The mean IOP reductions were 27.5 mmHg in Group I, 26.8 mmHg in Group II, and 23.15 mmHg in Group III. A maximum weekly mean IOP decrease was observed in group II. After 12 weeks, there was no statistically significant difference between these three groups' mean IOP reductions. Preoperative visual acuity for the majority of patients ranged from PL to 1/60. In Group II, N=3 patients had improved eyesight. After surgery, the majority of the patients experienced decreased eyesight.

Conclusion: Neovascular glaucoma presents more commonly in advanced ages and is more commonly affected in males. In the first week, patients treated with Trab and glaucoma implants had a lower IOP than the other two groups, but after 12 weeks, the mean IOP decrease was the same in all three groups. Compared to the other 2 Groups, patients treated with Trab with ologen Implants experienced the fewest post-operative complications.