Palaeastacus loryi Devillez & Charbonnier & Hyžný & Leroy 2016, n. comb.
- 1. Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris Centre de Recherche sur la Paléobiodiversité et les Paléoenvironnements (CR 2 P, UMR 7207), Sorbonne Universités, MNHN, UPMC, CNRS, 57 rue Cuvier F- 75231 Paris cedex 05 (France)
- 2. Department of Geology and Palaeontology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina G 1, 842 15 Bratislava (Slovakia); Geologisch-paläontologische Abteilung, Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna (Austria)
- 3. Hameau de Taloire, F- 04120 Castellane (France)
Description
Palaeastacus loryi (Van Straelen, 1923) n. comb.
(Fig. 7F, G)
Eryma loryi Van Straelen, 1923: 93; 1936: 7, 8, pl. 1, fig. 6. — Glaessner 1929: 155. — Moret 1946: 50, fig. 1. — Roger 1946: 42. — Secrétan 1964: 69. — Förster 1966: 123. — Feldmann & Titus 2006: 64. — Schweitzer et al. 2010: 24.
TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype (OSUG, probably lost).
TYPE LOCALITY. — Malleval, Isère department, Rhône-Alpes region, southeastern France.
TYPE AGE. — Valanginian, Early Cretaceous.
DESCRIPTION
Subcylindrical carapace (holotype:CL = 60 mm, CH = 30 mm); deep cervical, postcervical and branchiocardiac grooves; short gastro-orbital groove originating as a slight median inflexion of cervical groove; short antennal groove; postcervical groove parallel to branchiocardiac groove, not joined to dorsal margin, joined to hepatic groove; branchiocardiac groove, joined to dorsal margin, slightly sinuous dorsally, joined to hepatic groove; concavo-convex hepatic groove, poorly preserved; carapace homogeneously and densely covered with small tubercles following crescent-shaped pits.
DISCUSSION
The holotype was not found in the palaeontological collections of OSUG at Grenoble, France. Our review of the species is based on the line drawing and the figure presented by Van Straelen (1923: fig. 93) and Van Straelen (1936: pl. 1, fig. 6) respectively. Firstly, the line drawing is misleading by exhibiting intercalated plate not visible on the figure. Indeed, the cephalic part clearly appears to be crushed. Moreover, the carapace grooves seem to be incompletely reported. The examination of the figures leads us to identify the postcervical groove parallel to the branchiocardiac groove and joined to the hepatic groove. This pattern is typical of Palaeastacus. Hence, the new combination Palaeastacus loryi (Van Straelen, 1923), n. comb. is proposed herein.
Other species of Palaeastacus are known from the Early Cretaceous such as Palaeastacus foersteri Taylor, 1979 (Barremian of Alexander Island, Antarctic; Fig. 3A, B), Palaeastacus tenuidigitatus (Woods, 1957), n. comb. (Aptian of Queensland, Australia; see comments about Enoploclytia), and Palaeastacus terraereginae (Etheridge Jr., 1914) (Barremian of Patagonia, Argentina; Aptian of Alexander Island, Antarctic; Aptian of Queensland, Australia).
A short, spiny P1 chela from the Albian of Texas was assigned tentatively to a new species Paramithrax H. Milne Edwards, 1834 by Whitfield (1883):? Paramithrax walkeri. Merill (1905) and Adkins (1928) followed Whitfield, but Rathbun (1935) emended his description and assigned this species to Palaeastacus. Rathbun (1935: pl. 3, figs 7-9) figured the holotype of P.walkeri (Whitfield, 1883) and included new material in this species (carapace, P1 chela, left P1 cheliped). Stenzel (1945) assigned P.walkeri to Enoploclytia and refigured the carapace added by Rathbun (1935). He also figured new material (complete right P1 cheliped, left P1 dactylus, two pleons). Following Stenzel (1945), Richardson Jr. (1955) figured a right P1 cheliped under the name Enoploclytia walkeri (Whitfield, 1883) but in a new variety: E. walkeri, var. schmidti. In his review, Förster (1966), later followed by Schweitzer et al. (2010), re-assigned the species to Palaeastacus.
Our review of all the figured specimens reveals that the holotype of P. walkeri fits the concept of Palaeastacus (short, rectangular propodus, strong spines on dorsal and ventral surfaces and on dactylus, narrow dactylar bulge). Furthermore, the P1 chelae figured byRathbun (1935: pl. 5, figs 1-3) and byStenzel (1945: pl. 38, fig.1), the P1 dactylus figured by Stenzel (1945: fig. 8), and the P1 chelipeds figured by Rathbun (1935: pl. 5, fig. 4) and Richardson Jr. (1955: fig. 108) are similar to the holotype of P. walkeri. The two pleons figured by Stenzel (1945: fig. 9, pl. 38, fig. 2) probably also belong to P. walkeri. However, the carapace figured by Rathbun (1935: pl. 4, figs 1-2) and by Stenzel (1945: pl. 39, fig.1)exhibits a long gastro-orbital groove, a sinuous postcervical groove joined to hepatic groove and a short branchiocardiac groove. This groove pattern is typical of Enoploclytia so this carapace cannot be regarded as P. walkeri but as a new species of Enoploclytia (see section Enoploclytia).
In conclusion, with six species, Palaeastacus is the erymid genus including the most species for the Early Cretaceous.
Notes
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Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Biodiversity
- Collection code
- OSUG
- Family
- Erymidae
- Genus
- Palaeastacus
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Order
- Decapoda
- Phylum
- Arthropoda
- Scientific name authorship
- Devillez & Charbonnier & Hyžný & Leroy
- Species
- loryi
- Taxonomic status
- comb. nov.
- Taxon rank
- species
- Type status
- holotype
- Taxonomic concept label
- Palaeastacus loryi (Straelen, 1923) sec. Devillez, Charbonnier, Hyžný & Leroy, 2016
References
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- VAN STRAELEN V. 1936. - Crustaces decapodes nouveaux ou peu connus de l'epoque cretacique. Bulletin du Musee royal d'Histoire naturelle de Belgique 12 (45): 1 - 50.
- GLAESSNER M. F. 1929. - Crustacea Decapoda, in Pompeckj J. F. (ed.), Fossilium Catalogus, I: Animalia, Pars 41: 1 - 464.
- MORET L. 1946. - Eryma delphinensis nouvelle espece de Crustace Decapode du Berriasien de Noyarey (Isere). Travaux du Laboratoire de Geologie, Faculte des sciences de Grenoble 25: 49 - 51.
- ROGER J. 1946. - Les invertebres des couches a poisons du Cretace superieur du Liban. Memoires de la Societe geologique de France 51: 1 - 92.
- SECRETAN S. 1964. - Les Crustaces decapodes du Jurassique superieur et du Cretace de Madagascar. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Nouvelle serie, Serie C, Sciences de la Terre 14: 1 - 226.
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- FELDMANN R. M. & TITUS A. L. 2006. - Eryma jungostrix n. sp. (Decapoda; Erymidae) from the Redwater Shale of the Stump Formation (Jurassic; Oxfordian) of Utah. Journal of Crustacean Biology 26 (1): 63 - 68.
- SCHWEITZER C. E., FELDMANN R. M., GARASSINO A., KARASAWA H. & SCHWEIGERT G. 2010. - Systematic list of fossil decapod crustacean species. Crustaceana Monographs 10: 1 - 222. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / ej. 9789004178915. i- 222
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- WHITFIELD R. P. 1883. - Articulata, in HAYDEN F. V. (ed.), Contribution to Invertebrate Paleontology, 2: Cretaceous Fossils of the Western States and Territories. 12 th Annual Report of the United States Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories: a report of progress of the exploration in Wyoming and Idaho for the year 1878, Part I: 37 - 38. https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 273540
- MERILL G. P. 1905. - Catalogue of the Type and Figured Specimens of Fossils, Minerals, Rocks and Ores in the Department of Geology, United States National Museum, Part I, Fossil Invertbrates. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 53: 1 - 704. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.53. i
- ADKINS W. S. 1928. - Handbook of Texas Cretaceous fossils. University of Texas Bulletin 2838: 5 - 385. http: // hdl. handle. net / 2152 / 24287
- RATHBUN M. J. 1935. - Fossil Crustacea of the Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain. Geological Society of America Special Papers 2: 1 - 160. https: // doi. org / 10.1130 / spe 2 - p 1
- STENZEL H. B. 1945. - Decapod Crustacea from the Cretaceous of Texas. Texas University Publications 4401: 401 - 476.
- MANTELL G. A. 1824. - Outlines of the natural history, of the environs of Lewes, in HORSFIELD T. W. (ed.), The History and Antiquities of Lewes and its Vicinity. J. Baxter, Lewes, 344 p.
- M'COY F. 1849. - On the classification of some British Fossil Crustacea, with Notices of new Forms in the University Collection at Cambridge. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, including Zoology, Botany, and Geology 4 (2): 330 - 335. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03745486009494810
- BELL T. 1863. - Crustacea of the Gault and Greensand, in A Monograph of the Fossil Malacostracous Crustacea of Great Britain. Part II. Palaeontographical Society Monograph, London, 40 p. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11701