Suplementary material

Supplementary Table S1 Candidate genes associated with photosynthesis-related traits in a large maize association panel across three environments

Supplementary Fig. S1 Manhattan plot and Quantile-quantile plot from a mixed linear model for photosynthesis-related traits in a large maize association population via single environment analysis. SNPs with p values ≥ the threshold of 1 × 10-4 were considered significantly associated with the trait. The different colors in the Manhattan plot represent the 10 different chromosomes of maize.

Supplementary Fig. S2 Comparison of Leaf net photosynthesis (AN) among groups with the different number of favorable alleles carried in a large maize panel. The x-axis indicates groups 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 with inbreds carrying 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 favorable alleles in a large maize panel, respectively. The different upper letters above the mean lines denote significant differences at the probability of p = 0.05. The number of inbreds contained in the groups is presented below the mean lines. A total of 18 inbred lines, including EP32, GE129, NC250, Pa392, Oh43E, J47, Mo46, MS24, MS78, MS1, CH9, P39M96, A681, H29w, AusTRCF306303, AusTRCF305819, A665, and ND301, carried five favorable alleles for increasing Pn.