Clinical and microbiological evaluation in patients with diabetic foot infection

AIM : The aim of the present study was to evaluate clinical and microbiological findings of the patients with diabetic foot infection.
METHODS: The present study was carried out prospectively between March 2015 and September 2016. Eighty diabetic foot infection attacks of 68 patients with foot lesions at the grade of ≥ PEDIS 3 and ≥ WAGNER 2 were included in the present study. Demographic data of the patients, type of diabetes, staging of diabetic foot according to PEDIS and Wagner classification, the treatments they have received, laboratory parameters, culture results, and treatment outcome have all been recorded to prepared forms. Deep tissue culture was obtained from all patients and sampling was carried out. Treatment they received and prognoses were evaluated.
RESULTS : In samples obtained from 80 attacks included in the study, 30 (% 53,6) GRAM (-) bacteria 24 (%42,9) GRAM(+) bacteria, 2 (%3.5) Candida spp, overall 56 (%70) bacteria were isolated. The most commonly growing bacteria were ; S.aureus (n=16,%28.6),Proteus spp (n=9,%16) and E.coli (n=6, %10). In 7 (%91.25) attacks, surgical treatment was administered apart from antibiotic treatment and the rate of amputation was found to be %33.75 . The rate of recovery was found to be higher in patients whose antibiotic treatment remained unchanged from the onset than that found in patients whose treatment was changed. In 70% of diabetic foot infection attacks evaluated in the present study, growth was detected and most of the agents were established to be GRAM negative bacteria.
CONCLUSION : Antimicrobial treatment providing cover against probable microbial agent increases the probability of recovery. Therefore, determination of active spectrums according to regions and the choice of suitable antibiothreapy will render prognosis better.