Gyrophyllum Studer 1891
- 1. Biodiversidad y Ecología Acuática. Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Reina Mercedes 6, 41012 - Sevilla, Spain.
- 2. Marine Scotland Science, Marine Laboratory, 375 Victoria Road, Aberdeen, AB 11 9 DB, Scotland, UK.
- 3. Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Geology, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA.
Description
Genus Gyrophyllum Studer, 1891
Gyrophyllum – Studer 1891: 94.
Gyrophyllum – Studer 1901: 34. — Roule 1905: 454. — Kükenthal & Broch 1911: 394. — Kükenthal 1915: 120. — Hickson 1916: 252. — Deichmann 1936: 286. — Tixier-Durivault & d’Hondt 1974a: 263; 1974b: 1420. — Williams 1995a: 316; 1995b: 128; 2011: 3.
non Bathypenna – Marion 1906: 147.
Diagnosis (modified from Williams 1995b: 128, modifications in bold)
Colonies stout and clavate, with rachis in two parts, a distal part with polyp leaves and a proximal part without them, similar to peduncle in appearance but separated from the anchoring muscular peduncle by a thickened section showing longitudinal wrinkles. Distal part of rachis with bilateral symmetry throughout.Axis extends throughout length of colony, irregularly X-shaped in cross section. Polyp leaves present, thick, fleshy, and fan-like, up to ~9 leaves per side of rachis. Autozooids up to ~50 per leaf, usually in two rows at the leaf margin. Anthocodiae retractile into low fleshy calyces with one or two distinct fleshy blunt to pointed processes (sometimes difficult to observe, eroded?). Tentacles with two types of tentacular projections: conventional pinnulae on the lateral sides of main tentacular axis, and filiform ones (numerous) along the oral side of tentacular axis. Siphonozooids present on both sides of polyp leaves between and below autozooids, and on dorsal rachis’ track, not restricted to zones or pads. Sclerites elongate, three-flanged rods in polyp leaves, rachis, and peduncle, as well as short blunt rods in the tentacle axis and autozooid body (mostly longitudinally grooved or occasionally three-flanged).
Geographical and depth distributionIndo-West Pacific (Madagascar, Malay Archipelago, Tasmanian Sea, New Zealand, India) and North Atlantic (Azores, Hatton and Rockall Banks, Rosemary Seamount, Bahamas); 520–2220 m depth (Studer 1891, 1901; Deichmann 1936; Williams 1995b: 128; Williams et al. 2014; present contribution).
Type speciesGyrophyllum hirondellei Studer, 1891 (by monotypy).
Notes
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Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Biodiversity
- Family
- Pennatulidae
- Genus
- Gyrophyllum
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Order
- Pennatulacea
- Phylum
- Cnidaria
- Scientific name authorship
- Studer
- Taxon rank
- genus
- Taxonomic concept label
- Gyrophyllum Studer, 1891 sec. López-González, Drewery & Williams, 2022
References
- Studer T. 1891. Note preliminaire sur les Alcyonaires provenant des campagnes du yacht l'Hirondelle 1886, 1887, 1888. Part 2. Alcyonacea and Pennatulacea. Memoires de la Societe Zoologique de France 4 (2): 86 - 95.
- Studer T. 1901. Alcyonaires provenant des campagnes de l'Hirondelle (1886 - 88). Resultats des Campagnes Scientifiques du Prince Albert Ier de Monaco 20: 1 - 64.
- Roule L. 1905. Notice preliminaire sur les pennatulides recueillis par le " Travailleur " et le " Talisman ", dans l'Ocean Atlantique, au large du Maroc. Bulletin du Museum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris 11: 454 - 458.
- Kukenthal W. & Broch H. 1911. Pennatulacea. Wissenschaftiliche Ergebnisse Deutsche Tiefsee- Expedition " Valdivia " 13 (2): 113 - 576.
- Kukenthal W. 1915. Pennatularia. In: Das Tierreich Lfg. 43. Verlag von R. Friedlander und Sohn, Berlin. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 1092
- Hickson S. J. 1916. The Pennatulacea of the Siboga expedition, with a general survey of the order. Siboga Expeditie Monographs (14) 77: 1 - 265.
- Deichmann E. 1936. The Alcyonaria of the western part of the Atlantic Ocean. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard 53: 1 - 317. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 49348
- Tixier-Durivault A. & d'Hondt M. - J. 1974 a. Nouvelles recoltes d'octocoralliaires a Madagascar. Tethys 5 (2 - 3) 1973: 251 - 266.
- Tixier-Durivault A. & d'Hondt M. - J. 1974 b. Les octocoralliaires de la campagne Biacores. Bulletin du Museum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris 174: 1361 - 1433.
- Williams G. C. 1995 a. Living genera of sea pens (Coelenterata: Octocorallia: Pennatulacea): illustrated key and synopses. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 114: 93 - 140. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1995. tb 00929. x
- Williams G. C. 1995 b. The enigmatic sea pen genus Gyrophyllum - a phylogenetic reassessment and description of G. sibogae from Tasmanian waters (Coelenterata: Octocorallia). Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 48 (15): 315 - 128.
- Williams G. C. 2011. The Global Diversity of Sea Pens (Cnidaria: Octocorallia: Pennatulacea). PLoS ONE 6: e 22747. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0022747
- Marion A. F. 1906. Etude des Coelenteres atlantiques recueillis par la Commission des dragages de l'aviso Le Travailleur durant les campagnes 1880 - 1881. Expedition scientifique du Travailleur et du Talisman. Paris, Marson: 103 - 151.