PLANT QUARANTINE: AN EFFECTIVE APPROACH FOR THE PREVENTION OF DISEASES: A REVIEW

A major factor in the long-distance spread of diseases and insect pests that could be dangerous to the agriculture of the importing country is the interchange of germplasm and the international trade of agri-horticultural products. Protecting nations from the unauthorized influx of novel insect pests and illnesses fall within the purview of the National Plant Protection Organizations. Combining regulatory and technical strategies that can guarantee biosecurity for a country or region can be used to achieve the exclusion. The International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures (ISPMs), which offer standards on pest prevention, detection, and eradication, are developed by the Food and Agriculture Organizations International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC). Inthe recent era, the import and export of plant commodities have dramatically increased,and the chance of plant diseases is also increased from their original native place to new location, where it does not exist. The new diseases have tremendous loss in India and the world. In the last decade beginning the government of India in 2003 has notification of new Plant Quarantine order (PQ order)that harmonized Indias regulatory frameworkwith the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) and internationally accepted standards and the tenants of the sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) agreement of the world trade organization. So,to prevent exotic diseases from a foreign country or within country legal restrictions are enforced commonly known as quarantinelaws. Plant Quarantine measures are taken at the domestic or in time or as well as foreign Quarantine. It acts as an important tool to exclude plant diseases.Effectively implementation of Quarantine is highly emphasized for disease management.