AN OVERVIEW OF COLORECTAL CANCER, RISK FACTORS AND EARLY DETECTION

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is an extremely frequent and fatal disease. The risk of developing CRC is influenced by both environmental and genetic variables, which are covered in this article. The epidemiology of CRC and colorectal screening, as well as the benefits and drawbacks of colonoscopy, are all highlighted. We conducted a narrative review analysis utilizing a comprehensive literature search in MEDLINE/PubMed (using combinations of the following search terms: " colorectal cancer, Colonoscopy, diagnosis, screening, risk factors" " our search was completed in June, 2019. Regular screening can help avoid a variety of colorectal cancers. Screening can detect precancerous polyps, which are abnormal growths in the colon or rectum that can be removed before they develop into cancer. Colorectal cancer is highly treatable when detected early, thus screening is crucial. Colorectal cancer has no symptoms in the early stages, but they arise as the cancer grows. According to the American Cancer Society, colorectal cancer screening should begin around the age of 45. A colonoscopy is the most effective colorectal cancer screening test available. It is the only test that can also prevent a variety of colorectal cancers.