COMORBIDITIES AND THEIR INTERACTIONS IN DIABETES AND ATHEROSCLEROTIC DYSLIPIDEMIA (COVID-19)

In addition to high blood pressure and smoking, the onset of coronary artery disease is strongly linked to diabetes mellitus. For this population, atherosclerosis is a major killer since it increases the likelihood of developing heart disease, stroke, and peripheral vascular insufficiency symptoms by a factor of two to four, respectively. Patients with a diagnosis of coronavirus (COVID-19) may fare poorly if they also suffer from co-occurring conditions. In this study, we highlight two such factors and their interactive effects on one another that may have a multiplicative effect on the result of COVID-19. Diabetes and high cholesterol levels may play off of one other in this way. The patients having type 2 diabetes mellitus, the prevalence of dyslipidemia, which is a component of metabolic syndrome, is significantly higher at 75%. Patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus who have variations in the quantitative, qualitative, and kinetic components of dyslipidemia are exposed to the risk of emerging insulin resistance and dying from cardiovascular disease. There is a "hidden" atherogenic lipid profile that can be found when there are high amounts of intermediate-density lipoproteins, small and dense low-density lipoproteins, and small, dense and dysfunctional high-density lipoproteins. This profile can hide otherwise normal cholesterol levels. HMGCoAredutase inhibitors, a class of lipid-reducing medications, have the largest body of evidence showing a decrease in risk associated with LDL-c lowering (statins). Traditional drugs like nicotinic acid, fibrates like gemfibrozil, fen fibrate, and Pema- fibrate, and omega-3 fatty acids like docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid are all feasible alternatives. The first step in treating diabetic dyslipidemia should be a change in lifestyle, including the creation of a healthy diet, the implementation of a regular exercise routine, and the management of the typical anxiety experienced by many patients. It goes without saying that proper blood glucose control should exist before lipid medication is started.

Keywords: covid, diabetes, Apolipoprotein B