Monitoring of greenhouse gases fluxes at scientific- researcher field station Mukhrino, Khanty-Mansiysk

West Siberian peatlands contain large reserves of carbon and in their natural state are an effective sink
for carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and a significant source of methane (CH 4 ) [Yu, 2011; Liss et al., 1981]. The
response of peatlands to climate change lasts several decades. Continuous long-term monitoring
helps to detect ongoing changes in peatland functioning (such as biodiversity, net primary production, green-
house gas emissions, carbon and nitrogen uptake levels, hydrology) and determine the influence of external
factors (climate, hydrology) affecting peatland ecosystems [Berglund, 2003; Joosten, 2015; Callaghan et al.,
2020; Tsyganov et al., 2021]. In order to collect comprehensive observations of peat bogs, a research field sta-
tion "Mukhrino" was opened in the middle taiga zone of Western Siberia in 2009 [Dyukarev et al., 2021a,
2021b]. The research focus is to study the impact of climate change on the carbon cycle, hydrology and biodi-
versity of bog ecosystems.
Field station "Mukhrino" is located in the central part of Western Siberia in the Middle Taiga bioclimatic
zone, 20 km southwest of Khanty-Mansiysk, on the second terrace of the left bank of the Irtysh River (near the
confluence with the Ob River). The study area is located in the northeastern part of the complex of pristine
Mukhrino bog, which has a total area of ~75 km
2 . The vast area to the southwest is represented by peat and lake
landscapes of the Kondinsky Lowland, interspersed with forests along rivers. The territory of the Mukhrino
field station occupies ~1 km
2 , is provided with a system of broad wooden trailss 2 km long, a power supply
complex (solar panels and a wind generator) and permanent sites for hydrometeorological monitoring and
biodiversity monitoring of various elements of peat ecosystems.
Automated monitoring of carbon dioxide fluxes at the oligotrophic ridge-hollow complex is carried out
since 2017 to the present using a portable atmospheric-soil measuring complex with two transparent cameras.
The automatic cameras were placed in the mochachin and on the ridge of the oligotrophic bog complex.
In 2015, a mast with equipment was installed in a representative part of the Mukhrino bog to obtain
continuous ecosystem-scale data on greenhouse gas exchange and energy fluxes using the turbulent pulsation
method (eddy-covariance - EC) [Alekseychik et al., 2017]. Measurements using the same facility were
continued, and in 2019 the station was augmented with a Liñor LI-7700 methane analyzer. In 2021, the EC
station was upgraded. A new mast 7 m high was installed, with CO 2 , H 2 O LI-7200 and CH 4 LI-7700 gas
analyzers (Licor Biogeosciences, USA) and an ultrasonic uSonic-3 Cage MP anemometer (Metek, Germany)
mounted on it. The station outprint increased to an area with a radius of 100-300 m. The average daily variations
for the summer season 2021 are shown in Fig. 2. Net ecosystem exchange (FCO2) has a clear diurnal course
with negative values of fluxes in the daytime. The specific methane flux (FCH4) shows two maxima in the
diurnal course - at 7 h and 18 h local time (UTC +5).
Comparison of NEE estimations obtained at EC measurements in 2015 with NEE data from chamber
observations shows that EC data are 1.8-3.5 times higher than NEE obtained at hollow site due to impact of
pine trees photosynthesis which is not registered by the chamber method.
At present, the system of observations of greenhouse gas fluxes at the field station "Mukhrino" continues
to expand. In 2022, a 10 m mast was installed in a pine-shrub sphagnum bog with a set of equipment to
implement the turbulent pulsation method. It is planned to install the EC station in a mixed forest massif at a
height of 40 m from the surface, as well as to place three chamber systems with 8 cameras each in different
parts of the Mukhrino peatland