Canis lupus Linnaeus 1758
Creators
Description
Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758. Syst. Nat., 10th ed., 1:39.
TYPE LOCALITY: "Europae sylvis, etjam frigidioribus", restricted by Thomas (1911a) to " Sweden ".
DISTRIBUTION: Throughout the N hemisphere: North America south to 20°N in Oaxaca (Mexico); Europe; Asia, including the Arabian Peninsula and Japan, excluding Indochina and S India. Extirpated from most of the continental USA, Europe, and SE China and Indochina (Ginsberg and Macdonald, 1990).
STATUS: CITES - Appendix I (Indian, Pakistan, Bhutan, and Nepal populations); otherwise Appendix II. U.S. ESA - Endangered in the USA (48 conterminous States, except Minnesota) and Mexico; Threatened in Minnesota (USA). IUCN - Vulnerable.
SYNONYMS: albus Kerr, 1792; alces Goldman, 1941; altaicus Noak, 1911; arabs Pocock, 1934; arctos Pocock, 1935; argunensis Dybowski, 1922; ater Richardson, 1839; baileyi Nelson and Goldman, 1929; banksianus Anderson, 1943; beothucus G. M. Allen and Barbour, 1937; bernardi Anderson, 1943; campestris Dwigubski, 1804; canadensis de Blainville, 1843; canus de Sélys Longchamps, 1839; chanco Gray, 1863; columbianus Goldman, 1941; communis Dwigubski, 1804; coreanus Abe, 1923; crassodon Halla, 1932; cubanensis Ognev, 1923; deitanus Cabrera, 1907; desertorum Bogdanov, 1992; dybowskii Kerr, 1792; ekloni Przewalski, 1883; familiaris Linnaeus, 1758; filchneri Matschie, 1908; flavus Kerr, 1792; fulvus de Sélys Longchamps, 1839; fusca Richardson, 1839; gigas Townsend, 1850; griseoalbus Baird, 1858; hattai Kishida, 1931; hodophilax Temminck, 1839; hudsonicus Goldman, 1941; irremotus Goldman, 1937; italicus Altobello, 1921; japonicus Nehring, 1883; kamtschaticus Dybowski, 1922; karanorensis Matschie, 1908; knightii Anderson, 1947; kurjak Bolkay, 1925; labradorius Goldman, 1937; laniger Hodgson, 1847; ligoni Goldman, 1937; lupus-griseus Sabine, 1823; lycaon Schreberrt, 1775; mackenzii Anderson, 1943; major Ogérien, 1863; manningi Anderson, 1943; minor Ogérien, 1863; mogollonensis Goldman, 1937; monstrabilis Goldman, 1937; nubilus Say, 1823; occidentalis Richardson, 1829; orientalis Wagner, 1841; orion Pocock, 1935; pallipes Sykes, 1831; pambasileus Elliot, 1905; rex Pocock, 1935; signatus Cabrera, 1907; sticte Richardson, 1839; tschiliensis Matschie, 1908; tundrarum Miller, 1912; turuchanensis Ognev, 1923; ungavensis Comeau, 1940; variabilis Say, 1823; youngi Goldman, 1937.
COMMENTS: Reviewed by Meeh (1974, Mammalian Species, 37). C. familiaris has page priority over C. lupus in Linnaeus (1758), but both were published simultaneously, and C. lupus has been universally used for this species.
Notes
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Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Related works
- Cites
- Taxonomic treatment: 10.5281/zenodo.3920331 (DOI)
- Taxonomic treatment: http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A288CFA2509ED874FE6DF4519278C0B8 (URL)
- Is part of
- Book chapter: 10.5281/zenodo.7359191 (DOI)
- Book chapter: http://publication.plazi.org/id/BD1F4E51C329747CFFD6FC3FFFE0142F (URL)
Biodiversity
References
- Thomas, O. 1911 a. The mammals of the tenth edition of Linnaeus; an attempt to fix the types of the genera and the exact bases and localities of the species. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1911: 120 - 158.
- Ginsberg, J. R., and D. W. Macdonald. 1990. Foxes, wolves, jackals, and dogs: An action plan for the conservation of canids. I. U. C. N., Gland, Switzerland, 116 pp.
- Kerr, R. 1792. The animal kingdom, or zoological system, of the celebrated Sir Charles Linnaeus; class I: Mammalia. London, J. Murray & R. Faulder, 664 pp.
- Nelson, E. W., and E. A. Goldman. 1929. Four new pocket gophers of the genus Heterogeomys from Mexico. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 42: 147 - 152.
- Anderson, R. M., and A. L. Rand. 1943. Variation in the porcupine (Genus Erethizon) in Canada. Canadian Journal of Research, section D, 21: 292 - 309.
- Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classis, ordines, genera, species cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tenth ed. Vol. 1. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, 824 pp.
- Goldman, E. A. 1937. The wolves of North America. Journal of Mammalogy, 18: 37 - 45.
- Anderson, R. M. 1947. Catalogue of Canadian Recent mammals. National Museum of Canada Bulletin, Biological Series, 102: 1 - 238.
- Elliot, D. G. 1905. A checklist of mammals of the North American continent, the West Indies and the neighboring seas. Field Columbian Museum, Publication 105, Zoological Series, 6: 1 - 761.