Conceptual pluralism of religious and philosophical thought in Ukraine in the late 19th and early 20th centuries

The conceptual pluralism of religious and philosophical thought in Ukraine in the late 19th and early 20th centuries was considered. Its main directions, ideological connection with the corresponding directions and currents of Western European and domestic philosophy are analyzed. In particular, the peculiarities of religious and philosophical views of O. Kozlov, O. Gilyarov, G. Chelpanov, S. Bulgakov, E. Trubetsky, V. Zenkovsky, G. Florovsky, L. Shestov and M. Berdyaev, whose life and work it the late 19th and early 20th centuries were related to Ukraine. Their personal contribution to the development of philosophy in Ukraine and its integration into the same European philosophical process was clarified. Thus, the works of O. Kozlov and O. Gilyarov were greatly influenced by the ideas of panpsychism, in the context of which they in their original teachings uniquely interpreted the theocentric doctrine. The most influential follower of neo-Kantianism in the academic philosophy of Ukraine in the late 19th and early 20th century was G. Chelpanov. In contrast to these philosophers, typical representatives of spiritual philosophy – V. Zenkovsky and G. Florovsky substantiated in their philosophizing the traditional Orthodox doctrine of theocentric. S. Bulgakov and E. Trubetskoy, following their ideological predecessor V. Solovyov, developed various sophiological concepts of “metaphysics of omnipresence”. L. Shestov and M. Berdyaev became the creators of special versions of existential-humanistic philosophy within the “new religious consciousness”, for which they are also considered to be prominent representatives of religious personalism.