New planetary system with Neptune-mass planet and massive sub-stellar object discovered by astronomers

An international team of astronomers reports the recognition of a new planetary system by observing a nearby star known as HD 18599 (or TOI-179). Apparently this star is circled by a Neptune-mass exoplanet and a massive sub-stellar object. The finding was detailed in a paper published October 14 on the arXiv pre-print server.

TESS is leading a survey of about 200,000 of the brightest stars near the sun with the aim of searching for transiting exoplanets. So far, it has recognized nearly 6,000 candidate exoplanets (TESS Objects of Interest, or TOI), of which 266 have been affirmed so far.

Presently, a gathering of astronomers drove by Silvano Desidera of the Astronomical Observatory of Padova, has as of late affirmed another TOI checked by TESS. They report that a transit signal has been distinguished in the light bend of a brilliant K-dwarf star — TOI-179 (different designations HD 18599 and HIP 13754). The planetary nature of this signal was affirmed by follow-up observations using the High Accuracy Radial speed Planet Searcher (HARPS) and Spectro-Polarimetric High-contrast Exoplanet REsearch (SPHERE) instruments.

"As part of on-going efforts to validate and characterize youthful transiting exoplanets recognized by TESS, we present in this paper our analysis for the system observed around the star HD 18599 = HIP 13754, a brilliant (V=8.99 mag) and active K dwarf, also known as TESS Object of Interest (TOI)- 179," the researchers wrote in the paper.

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The newfound alien world, designated TOI-179 b, is about 2.62 times larger than the Earth and 24 times more massive than our planet, which yields a relatively high mean density of some 7.4 g/cm3. The exoplanet orbits its host each 4.14 days, at a distance of 0.048 AU from it, on a significantly flighty circle.

Moreover, SPHERE observations recognized another object in the TOI-179 system with an estimated mass of about 83 Jupiter masses — in this way, at the boundary between earthy colored dwarfs and exceptionally low-mass stars. The object got designation HD 18599 B has a relatively small extended separation from the parent star — some 3.3 AU.

The host star TOI-179 is of spectral kind K2V, has a radius of approximately 0.76 solar radii, while its mass was measured to be 0.83 solar masses. The star is estimated to be around 400 million years old and its compelling temperature is at a degree of 5,145 K.

Summing up the results, the authors of the study underlined the uniqueness of the TOI-179 system taking into account the properties of its components.

"The TOI-179 system represents a high-merit laboratory for our understanding of the physical development of planets and other low-mass objects and of what the planet properties are meant for by dynamical effects and interactions with the parent star," the researchers finished up.