Data for: Long-wavelength-sensitive (lws) opsin gene expression, foraging and visual communication in coral reef fishes
Creators
- 1. Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology
- 2. University of Queensland
- 3. University of Maryland, College Park
Description
Coral reef fishes are diverse in ecology and behaviour and show remarkable colour variability. Investigating the visual pigment gene (opsin) expression in these fishes makes it possible to associate their visual genotype and phenotype (spectral sensitivities) to visual tasks, such as feeding strategy or conspecific detection. By studying all major damselfish clades (Pomacentridae) and representatives from five other coral reef fish families, we show that the long-wavelength-sensitive (lws) opsin is highly expressed in algivorous and less or not expressed in zooplanktivorous species. Lws is also upregulated in species with orange/red colours (reflectance >520 nm) and expression is highest in orange/red-coloured algivores. Visual models from the perspective of a typical damselfish indicate that sensitivity to longer wavelengths does enhance the ability to detect the red to far-red component of algae and orange/red-coloured conspecifics, possibly enabling social signalling. Character state reconstructions indicate that in the early evolutionary history of damselfishes, there was no lws expression and no orange/red coloration. Omnivory was most often the dominant state. Although herbivory was sometimes dominant, zooplanktivory was never dominant. Sensitivity to long wavelength (increased lws expression) only emerged in association with algivory but never with zooplanktivory. Higher lws expression is also exploited by social signalling in orange/red, which emerged after the transition to algivory. Although the relative timing of traits may deviate by different reconstructions and alternative explanations are possible, our results are consistent with sensory bias whereby social signals evolve as a correlated response to natural selection on sensory system properties in other contexts.
Notes
Guide to supplementary data and files
1. The damselfish phylogeny on which ancestral states are reconstructed: damselfish phylogeny alignment .fasta
2. Data used for visual models: data for visual models.cvs
3. The R-code used for visual models: visual model Rscript_I AquaVis4T_needed.R
4. The alignment for the tree of newly sequenced opsin genes: new opsins coral reef fish alignment.fasta
5. Coral reef fish reflectances maesured in this study: spectral reflectance fish colours .csv
6. The R-code used for ancestral state reconstructions (corHMM): corHMMdamselfish_LJdQ.R
7. The alignment for the damselfish phylogeny tree used for ancestral state reconstructions: aligment_corHMM.fasta
Funding provided by: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659
Award Number:
Funding provided by: Australian Research Council
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000923
Award Number: DP150102710
Funding provided by: Australian Research Council
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000923
Award Number: DP180102363
Funding provided by: Sea World Research and Rescue Foundation
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100009034
Award Number:
Funding provided by: Air Force Office of Scientific Research
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000181
Award Number:
Funding provided by: UQ Development and ARC DECRA Fellowships*
Crossref Funder Registry ID:
Award Number: DE200100620
Funding provided by: EAWAG
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100011718
Award Number: 5221.00979.008.05 ATG21
Funding provided by: National Institutes of Health
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000002
Award Number: 1R01EY024629
Funding provided by: Eidgenössische Anstalt für Wasserversorgung Abwasserreinigung und Gewässerschutz
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100011718
Award Number:
Files
data_for_visual_models.csv
Files
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