Socio–ecological and economic efficiency of urban space compaction. Evaluation and consideration in substantiation of urban decisions

The subject of the study is the assessment of socio–ecological and economic efficiency of
compaction of urban development, substantiation of methodological approaches to its regulation in
design decisions and architectural and urban planning activities.
The aim of the study is to evaluate urban solutions for urban development in the categories
of socio–ecological and economic efficiency, to reduce efficiency assessments to energy units, to
determine requirements and principles for improving efficiency and eliminating the consequences of
overcrowding, and to reduce the aggressiveness of urban planning decisions.
Research methods. The article uses a set of scientific methods and approaches, in particular
cartographic methods – to analyze the localization of compaction processes in space; statistical – to
analyze the situation and the state of space; social surveys to clarify empirical materials. The research
used an expert method – a survey of competent experts, as well as one of the authors proposed a model
of five–dimensional space to establish coordinates and its boundaries, coordination between them.
Results of work. From the standpoint of the theory of urban planning, socio–ecological–economic is
associated with the disorder of space and decreases in time, structural, resource, parametric (large–
scale) inconsistency. Each component of effectiveness has corresponding effects and losses that
affect the overall assessment of effectiveness. Using a model of five–dimensional urban space, which
includes measurements «man – conditions – function – geometry – time», they are considered in the
full range of interactions and relationships of measurements in relation to the problems of compaction.
The hypothesis of the existence of both positive and negative consequences of the architectural and
urban development of cities for the environment and society has been confirmed.
Scope of results. Taking into account the consequences (social, ecological, economic, landscape–
aesthetic, etc.) of architectural and town–planning decisions on re–compaction should permeate all
spheres of this activity. The issues raised in the article are useful primarily in substantiating urban decisions.
Conclusions. New conditions for the functioning of cities, in particular the uncontrolled compaction
of buildings and the dynamization of urban processes, make modern urbanism «more aggressive,»
that is, one that increases the harmful effects on the environment and man. The socio–ecological–
economic efficiency of urban space compaction is studied, the consequences of uncoordinated
building compaction are considered on selected examples of Lviv. The requirements and principles
of increasing the efficiency and eliminating the harmful effects of overcrowding, as well as reducing
the aggressiveness of urban planning decisions are substantiated. The technique of forecasting and
estimation of social–economic–ecological efficiency of consolidation of urban space is offered.