Clinicopathological features of breast cancer patients who have type II Diabetes Mellitus

Clinicopathological features of breast cancer patients who have type II Diabetes Mellitus
Dr. Noor Ayad Khaleel¹, Dr. Jangi Shawkat Salai², Dr. Ahmed Sami Kamal Kamal³*
1.M.B.Ch.B., trainee at Kurdistan Board-Oncology; Rizgari Teaching Hospital-Erbil-Kurdistan region/Iraq
2.M.B.Ch.B., MD, MSc, PhD; Consultant Medical Oncologist Rizgari Teaching Hospital-Erbil Kurdistan region/Iraq, Iraq
3.M.B.Ch.B., FKBMS/Radiation Oncology; Awat Radiotherapy center Erbil-Kurdistan region/Iraq

Abstract
Background: The breast cancer is highly incident disease of women in Iraq. Type II diabetes mellitus is a common public health problem in Iraq related to high prevalence of obesity.
Objective: To clarify the association between type II diabetes and clinicopathological characteristics of women with breast cancer in Erbil city/Kurdistan region.
Patients & methods: A retrospective cross sectional study conducted in Oncology center of Rizgari Teaching hospital in Erbil city-Kurdistan region/Iraq through duration period of three years from first of January 2019 to 31^st of December 2021 on sample of two hundred women with breast cancer was selected after eligibility to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The selected women were divided into two groups (100 breast cancer women with type II diabetes mellitus and 100 breast cancer women without type II diabetes mellitus).
Results: The means of age, body mass index and breast cancer duration for diabetic women with breast cancer were significantly higher than non-diabetic women with breast cancer (p<0.001). A highly significant association was observed between tumor multi-focality diabetic women with breast cancer (p=0.04). The distant metastasis of breast cancer was significantly associated with diabetic women with breast cancer (p=0.03). Poor glycemic control of type II diabetic women with breast cancer are related to advanced lymph nodes invasion, advanced breast cancer grading and staging with positive perinural invasion.  
Conclusions: The type II diabetic women with breast cancer are at high risk of multi-focal breast cancer with distant metastasis.

Keywords: Breast cancer, Type II diabetes mellitus, Glycemic control.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6994812