Histopathological Review and Distribution of Granulomatous Inflammatory Disorders in Makurdi, North Central Nigeria

ABSTRACT

Granulomatous inflammation is a pattern of chronic inflammation characterized by the presence of granulomas consisting of microscopic aggregates of macrophages transformed into epithelioid cells surrounded by a collar of lymphocytes and occasioned plasma cells. The study aimed to determine the distribution by tissue site, of all the granulomatous inflammatory disorders diagnosed at Benue State University Teaching Hospital (BSUTH), Makurdi over a 5-year period. It was a retrospective review of 236 histologically confirmed cases of granulomatous lesions seen from March 2013 to February 2018 diagnosed on hematoxylin and eosin stains with further analysis after staining with Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN), Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) and Gomori Methenamine Silver (GMS) special stains. A total of two hundred and thirty-six cases of granulomatous inflammatory disorders were diagnosed, analysed and categorized based on the tissue site. The most common sites were cervical lymph nodes, appendix, skin, testicular tissues etc with the eyelid been the least common site.