Published June 30, 2022 | Version v1
Journal article Open

Consideration of the possibility of large-scale plasma-chemical production of nanosilicon for lithium-ion batteries

Creators

  • 1. The Gas Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
  • 2. National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute»
  • 3. Kankyo Techno Co. LTD

Description

The object of research is the process of obtaining silicon nanomaterials for lithium-ion batteries of energy storage devices, and the subject of research is the technology of gas-phase plasma-chemical synthesis for the production of Si-nanoparticles.

In the course of the study, numerical simulation methods were used, which made it possible to determine the parameters of temperature fields, velocities and concentrations. To study the processes of synthesis of nanopowders, a plasma reactor with an electric arc plasma torch of a linear scheme and using an argon-hydrogen mixture as a plasma-forming gas was developed. To analyze the influence of an external magnetic field on the control of the plasma jet parameters, a series of experiments was carried out using an electric arc plasma torch on plasma laboratory facilities with a power of 30 and 150 kW.

The influence of a magnetic field on the process of formation and evaporation of a gas-powder flow in a plasma jet was studied by determining the configuration, geometric dimensions, and structure of the initial section of the jet. In this case, the dispersed material – silicon powder was fed to the plasma torch nozzle section according to the radial scheme. Experimental confirmation of the phenomenon of elongation of the high-temperature initial section of the plasma jet in a longitudinal magnetic field has been obtained. The experimental results indicate that the creation of a peripheral gas curtain significantly changes the characteristics of heat and mass transfer in the reactor. It should be expected that for optimization it is possible to exclude the deposition of nanosilicon particles on the walls of the reactor and provide conditions for continuous operation. The effect of two-phase flow, heat transfer, and mass flow of nanoparticles, including the surface of a plasma reactor with limited jet flow, in the processes of obtaining silicon nanopowders has been studied. This made it possible to correct a number of technological characteristics of the process of constructive design of the actions of plasma synthesis of nanopowders.

The patterns obtained can be used for constructive and technological design in the creation and development of a pilot plant for high-performance production of nanosilicon powders.

Files

Consideration of the possibility of large-scale plasma-chemical production of nanosilicon for lithium-ion batteries.pdf

Files (1.2 MB)

Additional details

References

  • Berdichevsky, G. (2020). The Future of Energy Storage Towards A Perfect Battery with Global Scale. Available at: https://www.silanano.com/uploads/Sila-_-The-Future-of-Energy-Storage-White-Paper.pdf
  • Doğan, İ., van de Sanden, M. C. M. (2015). Gas-Phase Plasma Synthesis of Free-Standing Silicon Nanoparticles for Future Energy Applications. Plasma Processes and Polymers, 13 (1), 19–53. doi: http://doi.org/10.1002/ppap.201500197
  • Zeng, X., Li, M., Abd El‐Hady, D., Alshitari, W., Al‐Bogami, A. S., Lu, J., Amine, K. (2019). Commercialization of Lithium Battery Technologies for Electric Vehicles. Advanced Energy Materials, 9 (27), 1900161. doi: http://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201900161
  • Yuca, N., Taskin, O. S., Arici, E. (2019). An overview on efforts to enhance the Si electrode stability for lithium ion batteries. Energy Storage, 2 (1). doi: http://doi.org/10.1002/est2.94
  • Kuksenko, S. P., Tarasenko, Y. O., Kaleniuk, H. O., Kartel, M. T. (2020). Stable silicon electrodes with vinylidene fluoride polymer binder for lithium-ion batteries. Himia, Fizika Ta Tehnologia Poverhni, 11 (1), 58–71. doi: http://doi.org/10.15407/hftp11.01.058
  • Schwan, J., Nava, G., Mangolini, L. (2020). Critical barriers to the large scale commercialization of silicon-containing batteries. Nanoscale Advances, 2 (10), 4368–4389. doi: http://doi.org/10.1039/d0na00589d
  • Jiang, T., Yang, H., Chen, G. Z. (2022). Enhanced Performance of Silicon Negative Electrodes Composited with Titanium Carbide Based MXenes for Lithium-Ion Batteries. Nanoenergy Advances, 2 (2), 165–196. doi: http://doi.org/10.3390/nanoenergyadv2020007
  • Jaumann, T., Gerwig, M., Balach, J., Oswald, S., Brendler, E., Hauser, R. et. al. (2017). Dichlorosilane-derived nano-silicon inside hollow carbon spheres as a high-performance anode for Li-ion batteries. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 5 (19), 9262–9271. doi: http://doi.org/10.1039/c7ta00188f
  • Petrov, S. V. (2021). Innovatcionnye plazmenno-struinye tekhnologii. LAMBERT Academic Publishing, 112.
  • Zhang, X., Wang, Y., Min, B.-I., Kumai, E., Tanaka, M., Watanabe, T. (2021). A controllable and byproduct-free synthesis method of carbon-coated silicon nanoparticles by induction thermal plasma for lithium ion battery. Advanced Powder Technology, 32 (8), 2828–2838. doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2021.06.003
  • Shigeta, M. (2018). Numerical Study of Axial Magnetic Effects on a Turbulent Thermal Plasma Jet for Nanopowder Production Using 3D Time-Dependent Simulation. Journal of Flow Control, Measurement & Visualization, 6 (2), 107–123. doi: http://doi.org/10.4236/jfcmv.2018.62010
  • Shigeta, M., Hirayama, Y., Ghedini, E. (2021). Computational Study of Quenching Effects on Growth Processes and Size Distributions of Silicon Nanoparticles at a Thermal Plasma Tail. Nanomaterials, 11 (6), 1370. doi: http://doi.org/10.3390/nano11061370
  • Petrov, S., Korzhyk, V. (2016). Plasma Process of Silicon Production for Photovoltaic Power Generation. Engineering and Technology, 3 (5), 74–88.
  • Petrov, S. V. (2013). Plazmotronnaia tekhnika. Etapy razvitiia. Svarshchik, 3 (43), 26–31.
  • Tekna Plasma Systems Inc. Available at: http://tekna.com/
  • Astashov, A. G. (2016). Raspredelenie plotnosti teplovykh i massovykh potokov v plazmennom reaktore s ogranichennym struinym techeniem v protcessakh polucheniia nanoporoshkov. Moscow: IMET RAN, 104.
  • Tcvetkov, Iu. V., Samokhin, A. V., Alekseev, N. V., Astashov, Iu. V., Sinaiskii, M. A., Kirpichev, D. E., Fadeev, A. A. (2018). Poluchenie poroshkov v plazmennykh reaktorakh na baze elektrodugovogo plazmotrona. Institut metallurgii materialovedeniia im. A. A. Baikova RAN – 80 let. Moscow: Interkontakt Nauka, 437–450.
  • Choi, S., Lee, H., Park, D.-W. (2016). Synthesis of Silicon Nanoparticles and Nanowires by a Nontransferred Arc Plasma System. Journal of Nanomaterials, 2016, 1–9. doi: http://doi.org/10.1155/2016/5849041
  • Astashov, A. G., Samokhin, A. V., Alekseev, N. V., Litvinova, I. S., Tsvetkov, Y. V. (2018). Heat and mass transfer in confined jet plasma reactor with peripheral vortex flow. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1134, 012004. doi: http://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1134/1/012004
  • Jiayin, G., Xiaobao, F., Dolbec, R., Siwen, X., Jurewicz, J., Boulos, M. (2010). Development of Nanopowder Synthesis Using Induction Plasma. Plasma Science and Technology, 12 (2), 188–199. doi: http://doi.org/10.1088/1009-0630/12/2/12
  • TP-40020NPS Thermal Plasma Nanopowder Synthesis System. Available at: https://www.jeol.co.jp/en/products/detail/TP-40020NPS.html
  • Volchkov, E. P. (1983). Pristennye gazovye zavesy. Novosibirsk: Nauka, 240.
  • Repukhov, V. M. (1980). Teoriia teplovoi zashchity stenki vduvom gaza. Kyiv: Naukova dumka, 216.
  • Schreuders, C., Leparoux, M., Shin, J.-W., Miyazoe, H., Siegmann, S. (2005). Quenching design for plasma synthesis of nanoparticles. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265159448
  • Pashchenko, V. N. (2016). Primenenie vneshnego magnitnogo polia dlia formirovaniia gazoporoshkovogo potoka pri plazmennom nanesenii pokrytii. Almanakh sovremennoi nauki i obrazovaniia, 7 (85), 102–106.
  • Sato, T., Shigeta, M., Kato, D., Nishiyama, H. (2001). Mixing and magnetic effects on a nonequilibrium argon plasma jet. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 40 (3), 273–278. doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/s1290-0729(00)01217-5