Info: Zenodo’s user support line is staffed on regular business days between Dec 23 and Jan 5. Response times may be slightly longer than normal.

Published February 14, 2014 | Version v1
Conference paper Open

Exploring watermelon genotypes for lycopene and antioxidant activity

Description

Watermelon  [Citrullus  lanatus  (Thunb.)  Mansf.]  is  a  popular  dessert  crop  throughout  the  tropics  and  the  Mediterranean  regions  of  the  world.  Now,  it  is  no  longer just  a  summer  season  fruit  and  is  becoming  an  everyday  fruit  like apples,  bananas  and  oranges  because  of  its  antioxidant  properties.  Fruits  contain  diverse  carotenoids  that  are  responsible  for  the  different  flesh  colour.  Watermelon  exhibits  a  number  of  flesh  colour  and  therefore,  it  has  different carotenoid  patterns  associated  with  different  cultivars  and  cultivated  environments.  The  red  fleshed  fruits  are  rich in  lycopene  and  with  a  total  antioxidant  capacity  similar  to  tomato.  The  fruits  are  also  rich  source  of  B-carotene, amino  acid  (citrulline)  and  phenolics.  Among  carotenoids,  B-carotene  is  a  precursor  of vitamin  A,  which  is  needed for  eye  sight.  Lycopene  imparts  red  colour  in  watermelon  and  has  been  classified  as  useful  antioxidant  in  the  human diet  which  prevents  the  cardiovascular  diseases  as  well  as  certain  types  of  cancer  and  may  protect  the  skin  from ultraviolet  light  damage.  The  red-fleshed  watermelon  varieties  contain  high  lycopene  and  varying  amount  of  B- carotene.  The  main  source  of  lycopene  in  human  diet  is  tomato  and  its  products  in  several  countries.  However,  the red-fleshed  watermelon  contains  more  lycopene  per  unit  fresh  fruit  weight  than  tomato  and  is  equally  bioavailable to  human  body. In  recent  years,  consumers  are  aware  about  their  health  due  to  heavy  burden  of  noncommunicable  diseases  like hypertension,  diabetes,  cancer,  cardiovascular  diseases,  etc.  and  there  has  been  a  surge  demand  for  high  quality fruits.  Therefore,  the  investigation  for  antioxidant  composition  and  content  in  watermelon  becomes  an  important field  of  watermelon  breeding  for  quality  estimation  and  nutrition  breeding  because  of  its  strong  antioxidant  properties.  The  information  on  antioxidants  is  very  limited  in  watermelon  cultivars  grown  in  India.  Keeping  in  view,  this study  was  undertaken  at  CIAH,  Bikaner  during  summer  season  of  2013  with  the  objective  to  identify  promising genotypes  of  watermelon  rich  in  antioxidants.  The  fruits  of  10  diverse  genotypes  of  red  fleshed  watermelon  comprising  8  released  varieties  from  different  research  institutes,  one  advance  breeding  line  (AHW/BR-16)  and  one Indigenous  Collection  were  analyzed  for  total  carotenoids,  lycopene  and  antioxidant  activity.  The  significant  difference  has  been  recorded  among  the  evaluated  genotypes  of  watermelon  for  total  carotenoids,  lycopene  and  anti-oxidant  activity.  Total  carotenoids  ranged  from  4.90  to  8.06mg/100g  fresh  weight  (FW)  being  maximum  in  Asahi Yamato  (8.06mg/100g  FW)  followed  by  AHW/BR-16  and  Sugar  Baby  (6.90  and  6.65mg/100g  FW,  respectively). The  lycopene  content  varied  from  3.74  to  6.80mg/100g  FW  showing  twofold  variation.  The  cultivar  Asahi  Yamato had  the  highest  lycopene  (6.80mg/100g  FW)  closely  followed  by  AHW/BR-16  (6.01mg/100g  FW).  The  average antioxidant  activity  of  different  watermelon  genotypes  were  40.13  to  84.05umol  Trolox  (TE)/100g  FW  as  determined  by  the  CUPRAC  assay.  Likewise,  according  to  the  results  obtained,  the  cultivar  Asahi  Yamato  had  the strongest  antioxidant  activity  (84.05umol  TE/100g  FW),  closely  followed  by  AHW/BR-16  and  Sugar  Baby  (72.98 and  66.79umol  TE/100g  FW,  respectively).  The  findings  indicated  that  red  fleshed  genotypes  of  watermelon  showed wide  variation  for  total  carotenoids  and  lycopene,  which  could  be  exploited  to  develop  new  cultivars/  hybrids  rich in  lycopene  for  nutritional  security. 

Files

14-B.R.Choudhary.pdf

Files (1.1 MB)

Name Size Download all
md5:aae38f1bc26393ded108ec2986a785c0
1.1 MB Preview Download